ABAP Select data from SAP table DDALTER into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DDALTER table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DDALTER. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DDALTER table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DDALTER TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DDALTER,
      WA_DDALTER TYPE DDALTER,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DDALTER> TYPE DDALTER.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DDALTER.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DDALTER
  INTO TABLE IT_DDALTER.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DDALTER
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DDALTER2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DDALTER INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DDALTER2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DDALTER ASSIGNING <DDALTER>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DDALTER>-FIELDDEL = 1.
<DDALTER>-FIELDADD = 1.
<DDALTER>-ADDNOTNULL = 1.
<DDALTER>-FIELDMOD = 1.
<DDALTER>-NULLNOTNUL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DDALTER INTO WA_DDALTER.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DDALTER-KEYFLDMOD, sy-vline,
  WA_DDALTER-CNVINFO, sy-vline,
  WA_DDALTER-CAUSE, sy-vline,
  WA_DDALTER-ARBGB, sy-vline,
  WA_DDALTER-MSGNR, sy-vline,
  WA_DDALTER-VAR1, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DDALTER you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DDALTER TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DDALTER INTO WA_DDALTER.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DDALTER_STR, 
FIELDDEL TYPE STRING,
FIELDADD TYPE STRING,
ADDNOTNULL TYPE STRING,
FIELDMOD TYPE STRING,
NULLNOTNUL TYPE STRING,
KEYFLDMOD TYPE STRING,
CNVINFO TYPE STRING,
CAUSE TYPE STRING,
ARBGB TYPE STRING,
MSGNR TYPE STRING,
VAR1 TYPE STRING,
VAR2 TYPE STRING,
VAR3 TYPE STRING,
VAR4 TYPE STRING,
DATALOSS_D TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DDALTER_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DDALTER_STR-FIELDDEL sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-FIELDADD sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-ADDNOTNULL sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-FIELDMOD sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-NULLNOTNUL sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-KEYFLDMOD sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-CNVINFO sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-CAUSE sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-ARBGB sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-MSGNR sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-VAR1 sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-VAR2 sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-VAR3 sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-VAR4 sy-vline 
WA_DDALTER_STR-DATALOSS_D sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.