ABAP Select data from SAP table DD27S into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DD27S table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DD27S. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DD27S table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DD27S TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DD27S,
      WA_DD27S TYPE DD27S,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DD27S> TYPE DD27S.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DD27S.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DD27S
  INTO TABLE IT_DD27S.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DD27S
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DD27S2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DD27S INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DD27S2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DD27S ASSIGNING <DD27S>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DD27S>-VIEWNAME = 1.
<DD27S>-AS4LOCAL = 1.
<DD27S>-OBJPOS = 1.
<DD27S>-AS4VERS = 1.
<DD27S>-VIEWFIELD = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DD27S INTO WA_DD27S.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DD27S-TABNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27S-FIELDNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27S-KEYFLAG, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27S-MCFIELDID, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27S-EFORM, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27S-ROLLNAME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DD27S you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DD27S TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DD27S INTO WA_DD27S.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit DTYPE, internal->external for field EXVDATATYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_DTYPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DD27S-EXVDATATYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DD27S-EXVDATATYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DD27S_STR, 
VIEWNAME TYPE STRING,
AS4LOCAL TYPE STRING,
OBJPOS TYPE STRING,
AS4VERS TYPE STRING,
VIEWFIELD TYPE STRING,
TABNAME TYPE STRING,
FIELDNAME TYPE STRING,
KEYFLAG TYPE STRING,
MCFIELDID TYPE STRING,
EFORM TYPE STRING,
ROLLNAME TYPE STRING,
ENQMODE TYPE STRING,
RDONLY TYPE STRING,
ROLLCHANGE TYPE STRING,
DBVIEWFIELD TYPE STRING,
EXVDATATYPE TYPE STRING,
EXVFLENGTH TYPE STRING,
EXVDECIMALS TYPE STRING,
SQL_PASSVALUE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DD27S_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DD27S_STR-VIEWNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-AS4LOCAL sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-OBJPOS sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-AS4VERS sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-VIEWFIELD sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-TABNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-FIELDNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-KEYFLAG sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-MCFIELDID sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-EFORM sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-ROLLNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-ENQMODE sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-RDONLY sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-ROLLCHANGE sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-DBVIEWFIELD sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-EXVDATATYPE sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-EXVFLENGTH sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-EXVDECIMALS sy-vline 
WA_DD27S_STR-SQL_PASSVALUE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.