ABAP Select data from SAP table DD27M into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DD27M table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DD27M. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DD27M table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DD27M TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DD27M,
      WA_DD27M TYPE DD27M,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DD27M> TYPE DD27M.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DD27M.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DD27M
  INTO TABLE IT_DD27M.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DD27M
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DD27M2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DD27M INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DD27M2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DD27M ASSIGNING <DD27M>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DD27M>-VIEWNAME = 1.
<DD27M>-AS4LOCAL = 1.
<DD27M>-OBJPOS = 1.
<DD27M>-DDLANGUAGE = 1.
<DD27M>-VIEWFIELD = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DD27M INTO WA_DD27M.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DD27M-TABNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27M-FIELDNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27M-KEYFLAG, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27M-MCFIELDID, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27M-EFORM, sy-vline,
  WA_DD27M-ROLLNAME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DD27M you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DD27M TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DD27M INTO WA_DD27M.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field DDLANGUAGE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DD27M-DDLANGUAGE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DD27M-DDLANGUAGE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit DTYPE, internal->external for field DATATYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_DTYPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DD27M-DATATYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DD27M-DATATYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DD27M_STR, 
VIEWNAME TYPE STRING,
AS4LOCAL TYPE STRING,
OBJPOS TYPE STRING,
DDLANGUAGE TYPE STRING,
VIEWFIELD TYPE STRING,
TABNAME TYPE STRING,
FIELDNAME TYPE STRING,
KEYFLAG TYPE STRING,
MCFIELDID TYPE STRING,
EFORM TYPE STRING,
ROLLNAME TYPE STRING,
ROLLNAME27 TYPE STRING,
ROLLCHANGE TYPE STRING,
ENQMODE TYPE STRING,
RDONLY TYPE STRING,
MEMORYID TYPE STRING,
DOMNAME TYPE STRING,
DATATYPE TYPE STRING,
FLENGTH TYPE STRING,
CHECKTABLE TYPE STRING,
REFTABLE TYPE STRING,
REFFIELD TYPE STRING,
ENTITYTAB TYPE STRING,
INTTYPE TYPE STRING,
INTLEN TYPE STRING,
LOGFLAG TYPE STRING,
HEADLEN TYPE STRING,
SCRLEN1 TYPE STRING,
SCRLEN2 TYPE STRING,
SCRLEN3 TYPE STRING,
OUTPUTLEN TYPE STRING,
DECIMALS TYPE STRING,
LOWERCASE TYPE STRING,
SIGNFLAG TYPE STRING,
VALEXI TYPE STRING,
CONVEXIT TYPE STRING,
DDTEXT TYPE STRING,
REPTEXT TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_S TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_M TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_L TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DD27M_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DD27M_STR-VIEWNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-AS4LOCAL sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-OBJPOS sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-DDLANGUAGE sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-VIEWFIELD sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-TABNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-FIELDNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-KEYFLAG sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-MCFIELDID sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-EFORM sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-ROLLNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-ROLLNAME27 sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-ROLLCHANGE sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-ENQMODE sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-RDONLY sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-MEMORYID sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-DOMNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-DATATYPE sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-FLENGTH sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-CHECKTABLE sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-REFTABLE sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-REFFIELD sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-ENTITYTAB sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-INTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-INTLEN sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-LOGFLAG sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-HEADLEN sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-SCRLEN1 sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-SCRLEN2 sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-SCRLEN3 sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-OUTPUTLEN sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-DECIMALS sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-LOWERCASE sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-SIGNFLAG sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-VALEXI sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-CONVEXIT sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-DDTEXT sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-REPTEXT sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-SCRTEXT_S sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-SCRTEXT_M sy-vline 
WA_DD27M_STR-SCRTEXT_L sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.