ABAP Select data from SAP table DD24A into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DD24A table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DD24A. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DD24A table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DD24A TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DD24A,
      WA_DD24A TYPE DD24A,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DD24A> TYPE DD24A.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DD24A.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DD24A
  INTO TABLE IT_DD24A.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DD24A
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DD24A2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DD24A INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DD24A2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DD24A ASSIGNING <DD24A>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DD24A>-MCONAME = 1.
<DD24A>-MCID = 1.
<DD24A>-MCFIELDN = 1.
<DD24A>-POSITION = 1.
<DD24A>-TABNAME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DD24A INTO WA_DD24A.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DD24A-BASEFLDN, sy-vline,
  WA_DD24A-OBJPOS, sy-vline,
  WA_DD24A-OFFSET, sy-vline,
  WA_DD24A-FLENGTH, sy-vline,
  WA_DD24A-OUTLINE, sy-vline,
  WA_DD24A-OUTCOL, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DD24A you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DD24A TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DD24A INTO WA_DD24A.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DD24A_STR, 
MCONAME TYPE STRING,
MCID TYPE STRING,
MCFIELDN TYPE STRING,
POSITION TYPE STRING,
TABNAME TYPE STRING,
BASEFLDN TYPE STRING,
OBJPOS TYPE STRING,
OFFSET TYPE STRING,
FLENGTH TYPE STRING,
OUTLINE TYPE STRING,
OUTCOL TYPE STRING,
OUTMODFLAG TYPE STRING,
MEMID TYPE STRING,
GPA TYPE STRING,
SPA TYPE STRING,
FLAGS TYPE STRING,
NOUPPER TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DD24A_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DD24A_STR-MCONAME sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-MCID sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-MCFIELDN sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-POSITION sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-TABNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-BASEFLDN sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-OBJPOS sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-OFFSET sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-FLENGTH sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-OUTLINE sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-OUTCOL sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-OUTMODFLAG sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-MEMID sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-GPA sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-SPA sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-FLAGS sy-vline 
WA_DD24A_STR-NOUPPER sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.