ABAP Select data from SAP table DBTABLOG into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DBTABLOG table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DBTABLOG. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DBTABLOG table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DBTABLOG TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DBTABLOG,
      WA_DBTABLOG TYPE DBTABLOG,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DBTABLOG> TYPE DBTABLOG.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DBTABLOG.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DBTABLOG
  INTO TABLE IT_DBTABLOG.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DBTABLOG
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DBTABLOG2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DBTABLOG INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DBTABLOG2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DBTABLOG ASSIGNING <DBTABLOG>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DBTABLOG>-LOGDATE = 1.
<DBTABLOG>-LOGTIME = 1.
<DBTABLOG>-LOGID = 1.
<DBTABLOG>-TABNAME = 1.
<DBTABLOG>-LOGKEY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DBTABLOG INTO WA_DBTABLOG.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DBTABLOG-HOSTNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_DBTABLOG-USERNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_DBTABLOG-TCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_DBTABLOG-PROGNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_DBTABLOG-OPTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_DBTABLOG-VERSNO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DBTABLOG you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DBTABLOG TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DBTABLOG INTO WA_DBTABLOG.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGUAGE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DBTABLOG-LANGUAGE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DBTABLOG-LANGUAGE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DBTABLOG_STR, 
LOGDATE TYPE STRING,
LOGTIME TYPE STRING,
LOGID TYPE STRING,
TABNAME TYPE STRING,
LOGKEY TYPE STRING,
HOSTNAME TYPE STRING,
USERNAME TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
PROGNAME TYPE STRING,
OPTYPE TYPE STRING,
VERSNO TYPE STRING,
LANGUAGE TYPE STRING,
DATALN TYPE STRING,
LOGDATA TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DBTABLOG_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-LOGDATE sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-LOGTIME sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-LOGID sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-TABNAME sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-LOGKEY sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-HOSTNAME sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-USERNAME sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-PROGNAME sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-OPTYPE sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-VERSNO sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-LANGUAGE sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-DATALN sy-vline 
WA_DBTABLOG_STR-LOGDATA sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.