ABAP Select data from SAP table DBERCHR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DBERCHR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DBERCHR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DBERCHR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DBERCHR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DBERCHR,
      WA_DBERCHR TYPE DBERCHR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DBERCHR> TYPE DBERCHR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DBERCHR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DBERCHR
  INTO TABLE IT_DBERCHR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DBERCHR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DBERCHR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DBERCHR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DBERCHR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DBERCHR ASSIGNING <DBERCHR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DBERCHR>-MANDT = 1.
<DBERCHR>-BELNR = 1.
<DBERCHR>-BELZEILE = 1.
<DBERCHR>-RABLFDNR = 1.
<DBERCHR>-RABZUS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DBERCHR INTO WA_DBERCHR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DBERCHR-RABTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_DBERCHR-BZGBASIS, sy-vline,
  WA_DBERCHR-RABART, sy-vline,
  WA_DBERCHR-RABPROZ, sy-vline,
  WA_DBERCHR-RABMENGE, sy-vline,
  WA_DBERCHR-RABPREIS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DBERCHR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DBERCHR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DBERCHR INTO WA_DBERCHR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DBERCHR-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DBERCHR-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RABZUS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DBERCHR-RABZUS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DBERCHR-RABZUS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DBERCHR_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
BELZEILE TYPE STRING,
RABLFDNR TYPE STRING,
RABZUS TYPE STRING,
RABTYP TYPE STRING,
BZGBASIS TYPE STRING,
RABART TYPE STRING,
RABPROZ TYPE STRING,
RABMENGE TYPE STRING,
RABPREIS TYPE STRING,
RABLEISTUNG TYPE STRING,
TIMBASIS TYPE STRING,
TIMTYP TYPE STRING,
V_ALTWERT TYPE STRING,
N_ALTWERT TYPE STRING,
V_NEUWERT TYPE STRING,
N_NEUWERT TYPE STRING,
COLOGRP_INST_L TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DBERCHR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DBERCHR_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-BELZEILE sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-RABLFDNR sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-RABZUS sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-RABTYP sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-BZGBASIS sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-RABART sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-RABPROZ sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-RABMENGE sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-RABPREIS sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-RABLEISTUNG sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-TIMBASIS sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-TIMTYP sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-V_ALTWERT sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-N_ALTWERT sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-V_NEUWERT sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-N_NEUWERT sy-vline 
WA_DBERCHR_STR-COLOGRP_INST_L sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.