ABAP Select data from SAP table D020VT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP D020VT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to D020VT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the D020VT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_D020VT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF D020VT,
      WA_D020VT TYPE D020VT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <D020VT> TYPE D020VT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_D020VT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM D020VT
  INTO TABLE IT_D020VT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM D020VT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_D020VT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_D020VT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_D020VT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_D020VT ASSIGNING <D020VT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<D020VT>-PROG = 1.
<D020VT>-DNUM = 1.
<D020VT>-TYPE = 1.
<D020VT>-FNUM = 1.
<D020VT>-DGRP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_D020VT INTO WA_D020VT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_D020VT-CUAN, sy-vline,
  WA_D020VT-HDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_D020VT-SPRA, sy-vline,
  WA_D020VT-CUPO, sy-vline,
  WA_D020VT-DGEN, sy-vline,
  WA_D020VT-TGEN, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_D020VT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_D020VT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_D020VT INTO WA_D020VT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_D020VT-SPRA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_D020VT-SPRA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_D020VT_STR, 
PROG TYPE STRING,
DNUM TYPE STRING,
TYPE TYPE STRING,
FNUM TYPE STRING,
DGRP TYPE STRING,
CUAN TYPE STRING,
HDAT TYPE STRING,
SPRA TYPE STRING,
CUPO TYPE STRING,
DGEN TYPE STRING,
TGEN TYPE STRING,
DTXT TYPE STRING,
CNAM TYPE STRING,
CDAT TYPE STRING,
UNAM TYPE STRING,
UDAT TYPE STRING,
VALP TYPE STRING,
DIDX TYPE STRING,
FILL TYPE STRING,
LANF TYPE STRING,
LBLK TYPE STRING,
LREP TYPE STRING,
FNAM TYPE STRING,
LTYP TYPE STRING,
UCNV TYPE STRING,
DMAC TYPE STRING,
FIXF TYPE STRING,
MILI TYPE STRING,
KOMP TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_D020VT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_D020VT_STR-PROG sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-DNUM sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-TYPE sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-FNUM sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-DGRP sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-CUAN sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-HDAT sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-SPRA sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-CUPO sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-DGEN sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-TGEN sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-DTXT sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-CNAM sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-CDAT sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-UNAM sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-UDAT sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-VALP sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-DIDX sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-FILL sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-LANF sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-LBLK sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-LREP sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-FNAM sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-LTYP sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-UCNV sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-DMAC sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-FIXF sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-MILI sy-vline 
WA_D020VT_STR-KOMP sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.