ABAP Select data from SAP table CVTBLS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CVTBLS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CVTBLS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CVTBLS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CVTBLS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CVTBLS,
      WA_CVTBLS TYPE CVTBLS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CVTBLS> TYPE CVTBLS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CVTBLS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CVTBLS
  INTO TABLE IT_CVTBLS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CVTBLS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CVTBLS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CVTBLS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CVTBLS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CVTBLS ASSIGNING <CVTBLS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CVTBLS>-MANDT = 1.
<CVTBLS>-SLA = 1.
<CVTBLS>-RLV = 1.
<CVTBLS>-SLH = 1.
<CVTBLS>-BUKRS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CVTBLS INTO WA_CVTBLS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CVTBLS-PARTNR, sy-vline,
  WA_CVTBLS-SLPG, sy-vline,
  WA_CVTBLS-RPORTB, sy-vline,
  WA_CVTBLS-RDEALER, sy-vline,
  WA_CVTBLS-WAERS, sy-vline,
  WA_CVTBLS-CONTROL01, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CVTBLS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CVTBLS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CVTBLS INTO WA_CVTBLS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PARTNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CVTBLS-PARTNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CVTBLS-PARTNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CVTBLS_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SLA TYPE STRING,
RLV TYPE STRING,
SLH TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
PARTNR TYPE STRING,
SLPG TYPE STRING,
RPORTB TYPE STRING,
RDEALER TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
CONTROL01 TYPE STRING,
INTORG TYPE STRING,
RCOUNTRY TYPE STRING,
COUNTRY TYPE STRING,
SECTOR TYPE STRING,
RATING TYPE STRING,
CRATING TYPE STRING,
RCID01 TYPE STRING,
RCID02 TYPE STRING,
RCID03 TYPE STRING,
RCID04 TYPE STRING,
RCID05 TYPE STRING,
RCID06 TYPE STRING,
RCID07 TYPE STRING,
RCID08 TYPE STRING,
RCID09 TYPE STRING,
RCID10 TYPE STRING,
RCID11 TYPE STRING,
RCID12 TYPE STRING,
RCID13 TYPE STRING,
RCID14 TYPE STRING,
RCID15 TYPE STRING,
LLOCK TYPE STRING,
LLUSER TYPE STRING,
NOTES_EXIST TYPE STRING,
KZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CVTBLS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CVTBLS_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-SLA sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RLV sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-SLH sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-PARTNR sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-SLPG sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RPORTB sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RDEALER sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-CONTROL01 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-INTORG sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCOUNTRY sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-COUNTRY sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-SECTOR sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RATING sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-CRATING sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID01 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID02 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID03 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID04 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID05 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID06 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID07 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID08 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID09 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID10 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID11 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID12 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID13 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID14 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-RCID15 sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-LLOCK sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-LLUSER sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-NOTES_EXIST sy-vline 
WA_CVTBLS_STR-KZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.