ABAP Select data from SAP table CVS_HISDAT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CVS_HISDAT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CVS_HISDAT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CVS_HISDAT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CVS_HISDAT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CVS_HISDAT,
      WA_CVS_HISDAT TYPE CVS_HISDAT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CVS_HISDAT> TYPE CVS_HISDAT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CVS_HISDAT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CVS_HISDAT
  INTO TABLE IT_CVS_HISDAT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CVS_HISDAT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CVS_HISDAT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CVS_HISDAT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CVS_HISDAT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CVS_HISDAT ASSIGNING <CVS_HISDAT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CVS_HISDAT>-CDATE = 1.
<CVS_HISDAT>-CTIME = 1.
<CVS_HISDAT>-PROZCNT1 = 1.
<CVS_HISDAT>-PROZRBX1 = 1.
<CVS_HISDAT>-PROZRST1 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CVS_HISDAT INTO WA_CVS_HISDAT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CVS_HISDAT-PROZCNT2, sy-vline,
  WA_CVS_HISDAT-PROZRBX2, sy-vline,
  WA_CVS_HISDAT-PROZTSTD, sy-vline,
  WA_CVS_HISDAT-PROZUNICOD, sy-vline,
  WA_CVS_HISDAT-LED, sy-vline,
  WA_CVS_HISDAT-TOTAL, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CVS_HISDAT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CVS_HISDAT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CVS_HISDAT INTO WA_CVS_HISDAT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CVS_HISDAT_STR, 
CDATE TYPE STRING,
CTIME TYPE STRING,
PROZCNT1 TYPE STRING,
PROZRBX1 TYPE STRING,
PROZRST1 TYPE STRING,
PROZCNT2 TYPE STRING,
PROZRBX2 TYPE STRING,
PROZTSTD TYPE STRING,
PROZUNICOD TYPE STRING,
LED TYPE STRING,
TOTAL TYPE STRING,
EFF TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-CDATE sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-CTIME sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-PROZCNT1 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-PROZRBX1 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-PROZRST1 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-PROZCNT2 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-PROZRBX2 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-PROZTSTD sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-PROZUNICOD sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-LED sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-TOTAL sy-vline 
WA_CVS_HISDAT_STR-EFF sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.