ABAP Select data from SAP table CVS_COVHTXT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CVS_COVHTXT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CVS_COVHTXT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CVS_COVHTXT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CVS_COVHTXT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CVS_COVHTXT,
      WA_CVS_COVHTXT TYPE CVS_COVHTXT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CVS_COVHTXT> TYPE CVS_COVHTXT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CVS_COVHTXT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CVS_COVHTXT
  INTO TABLE IT_CVS_COVHTXT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CVS_COVHTXT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CVS_COVHTXT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CVS_COVHTXT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CVS_COVHTXT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CVS_COVHTXT ASSIGNING <CVS_COVHTXT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CVS_COVHTXT>-TEXT0 = 1.
<CVS_COVHTXT>-TEXT1 = 1.
<CVS_COVHTXT>-TEXT2 = 1.
<CVS_COVHTXT>-TEXT3 = 1.
<CVS_COVHTXT>-TEXT4 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CVS_COVHTXT INTO WA_CVS_COVHTXT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CVS_COVHTXT-TEXT5, sy-vline,
  WA_CVS_COVHTXT-TEXT6, sy-vline,
  WA_CVS_COVHTXT-TEXT7, sy-vline,
  WA_CVS_COVHTXT-TEXT8, sy-vline,
  WA_CVS_COVHTXT-TEXT9, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CVS_COVHTXT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CVS_COVHTXT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CVS_COVHTXT INTO WA_CVS_COVHTXT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CVS_COVHTXT_STR, 
TEXT0 TYPE STRING,
TEXT1 TYPE STRING,
TEXT2 TYPE STRING,
TEXT3 TYPE STRING,
TEXT4 TYPE STRING,
TEXT5 TYPE STRING,
TEXT6 TYPE STRING,
TEXT7 TYPE STRING,
TEXT8 TYPE STRING,
TEXT9 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT0 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT1 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT2 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT3 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT4 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT5 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT6 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT7 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT8 sy-vline 
WA_CVS_COVHTXT_STR-TEXT9 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.