ABAP Select data from SAP table CVIITEM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CVIITEM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CVIITEM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CVIITEM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CVIITEM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CVIITEM,
      WA_CVIITEM TYPE CVIITEM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CVIITEM> TYPE CVIITEM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CVIITEM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CVIITEM
  INTO TABLE IT_CVIITEM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CVIITEM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CVIITEM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CVIITEM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CVIITEM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CVIITEM ASSIGNING <CVIITEM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CVIITEM>-DDP_ID = 1.
<CVIITEM>-DDOC_ID = 1.
<CVIITEM>-LOGSYS = 1.
<CVIITEM>-OBJTYPE = 1.
<CVIITEM>-OBJKEY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CVIITEM INTO WA_CVIITEM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CVIITEM-ORIGINAL, sy-vline,
  WA_CVIITEM-APPLICATION, sy-vline,
  WA_CVIITEM-RECTP, sy-vline,
  WA_CVIITEM-RECID, sy-vline,
  WA_CVIITEM-COM_TYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_CVIITEM-SEQNO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CVIITEM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CVIITEM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CVIITEM INTO WA_CVIITEM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CVIITEM-LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CVIITEM-LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SXIDN, internal->external for field REC_NAME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SXIDN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CVIITEM-REC_NAME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CVIITEM-REC_NAME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOKNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CVIITEM-DOKNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CVIITEM-DOKNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SXIDN, internal->external for field DISP_NAME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SXIDN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CVIITEM-DISP_NAME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CVIITEM-DISP_NAME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CVIITEM_STR, 
DDP_ID TYPE STRING,
DDOC_ID TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
OBJTYPE TYPE STRING,
OBJKEY TYPE STRING,
ORIGINAL TYPE STRING,
APPLICATION TYPE STRING,
RECTP TYPE STRING,
RECID TYPE STRING,
COM_TYPE TYPE STRING,
SEQNO TYPE STRING,
OFF_RECTP TYPE STRING,
REC_NAME TYPE STRING,
NUM_COPIES TYPE STRING,
COPY_TYPE TYPE STRING,
DDM_ID TYPE STRING,
REC_ACTIVE TYPE STRING,
L_ESC_DES TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
DDI_ID TYPE STRING,
DDO_ID TYPE STRING,
CR_USER TYPE STRING,
CR_UTC TYPE STRING,
CR_DATE TYPE STRING,
CR_TIME TYPE STRING,
CH_USER TYPE STRING,
CH_UTC TYPE STRING,
CH_DATE TYPE STRING,
CH_TIME TYPE STRING,
CONTROL_USER TYPE STRING,
CONTROL_UTC TYPE STRING,
CONTROL_DATE TYPE STRING,
CONTROL_TIME TYPE STRING,
RECEIPT_USER TYPE STRING,
RECEIPT_UTC TYPE STRING,
RECEIPT_DATE TYPE STRING,
RECEIPT_TIME TYPE STRING,
NAME1 TYPE STRING,
NAME2 TYPE STRING,
STREET_POST TYPE STRING,
CITY TYPE STRING,
REASONTYP TYPE STRING,
REASONBPR TYPE STRING,
DOKAR TYPE STRING,
DOKNR TYPE STRING,
DOKVR TYPE STRING,
DOKTL TYPE STRING,
SEND_TIME TYPE STRING,
SEND_DATE TYPE STRING,
DISP_OFFTP TYPE STRING,
DISP_OFF TYPE STRING,
DISP_NAME TYPE STRING,
CACOM_TYPE TYPE STRING,
RETURN_DATE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CVIITEM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DDP_ID sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DDOC_ID sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-OBJTYPE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-OBJKEY sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-ORIGINAL sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-APPLICATION sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-RECTP sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-RECID sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-COM_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-SEQNO sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-OFF_RECTP sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-REC_NAME sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-NUM_COPIES sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-COPY_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DDM_ID sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-REC_ACTIVE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-L_ESC_DES sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DDI_ID sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DDO_ID sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CR_USER sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CR_UTC sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CR_DATE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CR_TIME sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CH_USER sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CH_UTC sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CH_DATE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CH_TIME sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CONTROL_USER sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CONTROL_UTC sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CONTROL_DATE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CONTROL_TIME sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-RECEIPT_USER sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-RECEIPT_UTC sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-RECEIPT_DATE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-RECEIPT_TIME sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-NAME1 sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-NAME2 sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-STREET_POST sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CITY sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-REASONTYP sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-REASONBPR sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DOKAR sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DOKNR sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DOKVR sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DOKTL sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-SEND_TIME sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-SEND_DATE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DISP_OFFTP sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DISP_OFF sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-DISP_NAME sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-CACOM_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_CVIITEM_STR-RETURN_DATE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.