ABAP Select data from SAP table CVCHD into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CVCHD table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CVCHD. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CVCHD table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CVCHD TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CVCHD,
      WA_CVCHD TYPE CVCHD,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CVCHD> TYPE CVCHD.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CVCHD.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CVCHD
  INTO TABLE IT_CVCHD.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CVCHD
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CVCHD2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CVCHD INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CVCHD2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CVCHD ASSIGNING <CVCHD>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CVCHD>-MANDT = 1.
<CVCHD>-COM_ART = 1.
<CVCHD>-COM_GROUP = 1.
<CVCHD>-INITIATOR = 1.
<CVCHD>-REASONBPR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CVCHD INTO WA_CVCHD.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CVCHD-COUNTRY, sy-vline,
  WA_CVCHD-PDEST, sy-vline,
  WA_CVCHD-PRCOP, sy-vline,
  WA_CVCHD-PLIST, sy-vline,
  WA_CVCHD-PRTXT, sy-vline,
  WA_CVCHD-PRIMM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CVCHD you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CVCHD TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CVCHD INTO WA_CVCHD.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit SPDEV, internal->external for field PDEST
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SPDEV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CVCHD-PDEST
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CVCHD-PDEST.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CVCHD_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
COM_ART TYPE STRING,
COM_GROUP TYPE STRING,
INITIATOR TYPE STRING,
REASONBPR TYPE STRING,
COUNTRY TYPE STRING,
PDEST TYPE STRING,
PRCOP TYPE STRING,
PLIST TYPE STRING,
PRTXT TYPE STRING,
PRIMM TYPE STRING,
PRREL TYPE STRING,
PRNEW TYPE STRING,
PEXPI TYPE STRING,
LINCT TYPE STRING,
LINSZ TYPE STRING,
PAART TYPE STRING,
PRBIG TYPE STRING,
PRSAP TYPE STRING,
PRREC TYPE STRING,
PRABT TYPE STRING,
PRBER TYPE STRING,
PRDSN TYPE STRING,
PTYPE TYPE STRING,
ARMOD TYPE STRING,
FOOTL TYPE STRING,
PRIOT TYPE STRING,
PRUNX TYPE STRING,
PRKEYEXT TYPE STRING,
PRCHK TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CVCHD_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CVCHD_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-COM_ART sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-COM_GROUP sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-INITIATOR sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-REASONBPR sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-COUNTRY sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PDEST sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRCOP sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PLIST sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRTXT sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRIMM sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRREL sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRNEW sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PEXPI sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-LINCT sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-LINSZ sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PAART sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRBIG sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRSAP sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRREC sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRABT sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRBER sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRDSN sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PTYPE sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-ARMOD sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-FOOTL sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRIOT sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRUNX sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRKEYEXT sy-vline 
WA_CVCHD_STR-PRCHK sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.