ABAP Select data from SAP table CVALID into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CVALID table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CVALID. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CVALID table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CVALID TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CVALID,
      WA_CVALID TYPE CVALID,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CVALID> TYPE CVALID.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CVALID.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CVALID
  INTO TABLE IT_CVALID.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CVALID
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CVALID2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CVALID INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CVALID2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CVALID ASSIGNING <CVALID>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CVALID>-MANDT = 1.
<CVALID>-EKORG = 1.
<CVALID>-VALID_PRO = 1.
<CVALID>-REF_POST = 1.
<CVALID>-REF_DELI = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CVALID INTO WA_CVALID.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CVALID-P1DHI, sy-vline,
  WA_CVALID-P1DAY, sy-vline,
  WA_CVALID-P1MON, sy-vline,
  WA_CVALID-P2DHI, sy-vline,
  WA_CVALID-P2DAY, sy-vline,
  WA_CVALID-P2MON, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CVALID you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CVALID TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CVALID INTO WA_CVALID.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CVALID_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
EKORG TYPE STRING,
VALID_PRO TYPE STRING,
REF_POST TYPE STRING,
REF_DELI TYPE STRING,
P1DHI TYPE STRING,
P1DAY TYPE STRING,
P1MON TYPE STRING,
P2DHI TYPE STRING,
P2DAY TYPE STRING,
P2MON TYPE STRING,
P3DHI TYPE STRING,
P3DAY TYPE STRING,
P3MON TYPE STRING,
ERS_ZTERM TYPE STRING,
ERSBA TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CVALID_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CVALID_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-EKORG sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-VALID_PRO sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-REF_POST sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-REF_DELI sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-P1DHI sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-P1DAY sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-P1MON sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-P2DHI sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-P2DAY sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-P2MON sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-P3DHI sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-P3DAY sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-P3MON sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-ERS_ZTERM sy-vline 
WA_CVALID_STR-ERSBA sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.