ABAP Select data from SAP table CTOMAINTITEM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CTOMAINTITEM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CTOMAINTITEM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CTOMAINTITEM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CTOMAINTITEM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CTOMAINTITEM,
      WA_CTOMAINTITEM TYPE CTOMAINTITEM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CTOMAINTITEM> TYPE CTOMAINTITEM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CTOMAINTITEM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CTOMAINTITEM
  INTO TABLE IT_CTOMAINTITEM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CTOMAINTITEM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CTOMAINTITEM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CTOMAINTITEM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CTOMAINTITEM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CTOMAINTITEM ASSIGNING <CTOMAINTITEM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CTOMAINTITEM>-MANDT = 1.
<CTOMAINTITEM>-MAINTENANCEITEM = 1.
<CTOMAINTITEM>-MAINTENANCEITEMDESCRIPTION = 1.
<CTOMAINTITEM>-MAINTENANCEPLAN = 1.
<CTOMAINTITEM>-MAINTENANCEPLANDESC = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CTOMAINTITEM INTO WA_CTOMAINTITEM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CTOMAINTITEM-MAINTPRIORITY, sy-vline,
  WA_CTOMAINTITEM-MAINTPRIORITYDESC, sy-vline,
  WA_CTOMAINTITEM-TECHNICALOBJECTLABEL, sy-vline,
  WA_CTOMAINTITEM-TECHNICALOBJECTDESCRIPTION, sy-vline,
  WA_CTOMAINTITEM-TECHOBJISEQUIPORFUNCNLLOC, sy-vline,
  WA_CTOMAINTITEM-TECHOBJISEQUIPORFUNCNLLOCDESC, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CTOMAINTITEM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CTOMAINTITEM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CTOMAINTITEM INTO WA_CTOMAINTITEM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MAINTENANCEITEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CTOMAINTITEM-MAINTENANCEITEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CTOMAINTITEM-MAINTENANCEITEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MAINTENANCEPLAN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CTOMAINTITEM-MAINTENANCEPLAN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CTOMAINTITEM-MAINTENANCEPLAN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TECHO, internal->external for field TECHNICALOBJECTLABEL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TECHO_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CTOMAINTITEM-TECHNICALOBJECTLABEL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CTOMAINTITEM-TECHNICALOBJECTLABEL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field COSTCENTER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CTOMAINTITEM-COSTCENTER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CTOMAINTITEM-COSTCENTER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CTOMAINTITEM_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEITEM TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEITEMDESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEPLAN TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEPLANDESC TYPE STRING,
MAINTPRIORITY TYPE STRING,
MAINTPRIORITYDESC TYPE STRING,
TECHNICALOBJECTLABEL TYPE STRING,
TECHNICALOBJECTDESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,
TECHOBJISEQUIPORFUNCNLLOC TYPE STRING,
TECHOBJISEQUIPORFUNCNLLOCDESC TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEPLANCATEGORY TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEPLANCATEGORYDESC TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCESTRATEGY TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCESTRATEGYDESC TYPE STRING,
NOTIFICATIONTYPE TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEPLANNINGPLANT TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEPLANNERGROUP TYPE STRING,
AUTHORIZATIONGROUP TYPE STRING,
COSTCENTER TYPE STRING,
CONTROLLINGAREA TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEPLANT TYPE STRING,
MAINTOBJECTLOCACCTASSGMTNMBR TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEORDERTYPE TYPE STRING,
TECHNICALOBJECT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEITEM sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEITEMDESCRIPTION sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEPLAN sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEPLANDESC sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTPRIORITY sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTPRIORITYDESC sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-TECHNICALOBJECTLABEL sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-TECHNICALOBJECTDESCRIPTION sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-TECHOBJISEQUIPORFUNCNLLOC sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-TECHOBJISEQUIPORFUNCNLLOCDESC sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEPLANCATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEPLANCATEGORYDESC sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCESTRATEGY sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCESTRATEGYDESC sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-NOTIFICATIONTYPE sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEPLANNINGPLANT sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEPLANNERGROUP sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-AUTHORIZATIONGROUP sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-COSTCENTER sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-CONTROLLINGAREA sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEPLANT sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTOBJECTLOCACCTASSGMTNMBR sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-MAINTENANCEORDERTYPE sy-vline 
WA_CTOMAINTITEM_STR-TECHNICALOBJECT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.