ABAP Select data from SAP table CSTMNTOFCHANGES into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CSTMNTOFCHANGES table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CSTMNTOFCHANGES. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CSTMNTOFCHANGES table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CSTMNTOFCHANGES TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CSTMNTOFCHANGES,
      WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES TYPE CSTMNTOFCHANGES,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CSTMNTOFCHANGES> TYPE CSTMNTOFCHANGES.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CSTMNTOFCHANGES.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CSTMNTOFCHANGES
  INTO TABLE IT_CSTMNTOFCHANGES.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CSTMNTOFCHANGES
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CSTMNTOFCHANGES2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CSTMNTOFCHANGES INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CSTMNTOFCHANGES ASSIGNING <CSTMNTOFCHANGES>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CSTMNTOFCHANGES>-MANDT = 1.
<CSTMNTOFCHANGES>-LEDGER = 1.
<CSTMNTOFCHANGES>-COMPANYCODE = 1.
<CSTMNTOFCHANGES>-FISCALYEAR = 1.
<CSTMNTOFCHANGES>-STATEMENTOFCHANGESSORTORDER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CSTMNTOFCHANGES INTO WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-FINANCIALTRANSACTIONTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-DISPLAYCURRENCY, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-AMOUNTINDISPLAYCURRENCY, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-GLACCOUNT, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-PROFITCENTER, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-CONTROLLINGAREA, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CSTMNTOFCHANGES TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CSTMNTOFCHANGES INTO WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LEDGER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-LEDGER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-LEDGER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field FISCALYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-FISCALYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-FISCALYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GLACCOUNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-GLACCOUNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-GLACCOUNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PROFITCENTER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-PROFITCENTER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-PROFITCENTER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SEGMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-SEGMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-SEGMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PARTNERCOMPANY
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-PARTNERCOMPANY
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES-PARTNERCOMPANY.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
LEDGER TYPE STRING,
COMPANYCODE TYPE STRING,
FISCALYEAR TYPE STRING,
STATEMENTOFCHANGESSORTORDER TYPE STRING,
FINANCIALTRANSACTIONTYPE TYPE STRING,
DISPLAYCURRENCY TYPE STRING,
AMOUNTINDISPLAYCURRENCY TYPE STRING,
GLACCOUNT TYPE STRING,
PROFITCENTER TYPE STRING,
CONTROLLINGAREA TYPE STRING,
SEGMENT TYPE STRING,
PARTNERCOMPANY TYPE STRING,
CHARTOFACCOUNTS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-LEDGER sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-COMPANYCODE sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-FISCALYEAR sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-STATEMENTOFCHANGESSORTORDER sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-FINANCIALTRANSACTIONTYPE sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-DISPLAYCURRENCY sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-AMOUNTINDISPLAYCURRENCY sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-GLACCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-PROFITCENTER sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-CONTROLLINGAREA sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-SEGMENT sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-PARTNERCOMPANY sy-vline 
WA_CSTMNTOFCHANGES_STR-CHARTOFACCOUNTS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.