ABAP Select data from SAP table COVP_RCL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP COVP_RCL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to COVP_RCL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the COVP_RCL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_COVP_RCL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF COVP_RCL,
      WA_COVP_RCL TYPE COVP_RCL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <COVP_RCL> TYPE COVP_RCL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_COVP_RCL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM COVP_RCL
  INTO TABLE IT_COVP_RCL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM COVP_RCL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_COVP_RCL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_COVP_RCL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_COVP_RCL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_COVP_RCL ASSIGNING <COVP_RCL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<COVP_RCL>-MANDT = 1.
<COVP_RCL>-KOKRS = 1.
<COVP_RCL>-BELNR = 1.
<COVP_RCL>-BUZEI = 1.
<COVP_RCL>-PERIO = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_COVP_RCL INTO WA_COVP_RCL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_COVP_RCL-WOGBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_COVP_RCL-WKGBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_COVP_RCL-MEGBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_COVP_RCL-OBJNR, sy-vline,
  WA_COVP_RCL-GJAHR, sy-vline,
  WA_COVP_RCL-WRTTP, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_COVP_RCL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_COVP_RCL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_COVP_RCL INTO WA_COVP_RCL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WOGBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-WOGBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-WOGBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WKGBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-WKGBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-WKGBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field WRTTP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-WRTTP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-WRTTP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-VERSN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-VERSN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KSTAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-KSTAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-KSTAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit BEKNZ, internal->external for field BEKNZ
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_BEKNZ_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-BEKNZ
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-BEKNZ.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-MEINH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-MEINH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-GRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-GRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SCOPE, internal->external for field SCOPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SCOPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-SCOPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-SCOPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYSO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-LOGSYSO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-LOGSYSO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PGRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-PGRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-PGRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SCOPE, internal->external for field PSCOPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SCOPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-PSCOPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-PSCOPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYSP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVP_RCL-LOGSYSP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVP_RCL-LOGSYSP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_COVP_RCL_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
PERIO TYPE STRING,
WOGBTR TYPE STRING,
WKGBTR TYPE STRING,
MEGBTR TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
WRTTP TYPE STRING,
VERSN TYPE STRING,
KSTAR TYPE STRING,
HRKFT TYPE STRING,
VRGNG TYPE STRING,
PAROB1 TYPE STRING,
PARGB TYPE STRING,
BEKNZ TYPE STRING,
OWAER TYPE STRING,
MEINH TYPE STRING,
ZLENR TYPE STRING,
BELTP TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
GSBER TYPE STRING,
FKBER TYPE STRING,
GEBER TYPE STRING,
GRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
SCOPE TYPE STRING,
LOGSYSO TYPE STRING,
PBUKRS TYPE STRING,
PFKBER TYPE STRING,
PGEBER TYPE STRING,
PGRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
PSCOPE TYPE STRING,
LOGSYSP TYPE STRING,
WSDAT TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_COVP_RCL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-PERIO sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-WOGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-WKGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-MEGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-WRTTP sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-VERSN sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-KSTAR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-HRKFT sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-VRGNG sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-PAROB1 sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-PARGB sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-BEKNZ sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-OWAER sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-MEINH sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-ZLENR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-BELTP sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-GSBER sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-FKBER sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-GEBER sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-GRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-SCOPE sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-LOGSYSO sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-PBUKRS sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-PFKBER sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-PGEBER sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-PGRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-PSCOPE sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-LOGSYSP sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-WSDAT sy-vline 
WA_COVP_RCL_STR-BUDAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.