ABAP Select data from SAP table COVO4 into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP COVO4 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to COVO4. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the COVO4 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_COVO4 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF COVO4,
      WA_COVO4 TYPE COVO4,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <COVO4> TYPE COVO4.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_COVO4.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM COVO4
  INTO TABLE IT_COVO4.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM COVO4
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_COVO42).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_COVO4 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_COVO42).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_COVO4 ASSIGNING <COVO4>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<COVO4>-MANDT = 1.
<COVO4>-REFBT = 1.
<COVO4>-REFBN = 1.
<COVO4>-RFPOS = 1.
<COVO4>-RFKNT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_COVO4 INTO WA_COVO4.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_COVO4-RFTRM, sy-vline,
  WA_COVO4-RFART, sy-vline,
  WA_COVO4-LIFNR, sy-vline,
  WA_COVO4-LEDNR, sy-vline,
  WA_COVO4-OBJNR, sy-vline,
  WA_COVO4-HRKFT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_COVO4 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_COVO4 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_COVO4 INTO WA_COVO4.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit REFBT, internal->external for field REFBT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_REFBT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-REFBT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-REFBT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REFBN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-REFBN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-REFBN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LEDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-LEDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-LEDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-RFSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-RFSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field WRTTP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-WRTTP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-WRTTP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-VERSN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-VERSN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SAKTO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-SAKTO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-SAKTO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBUND
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-VBUND
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-VBUND.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit BEKNZ, internal->external for field BEKNZ
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_BEKNZ_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-BEKNZ
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-BEKNZ.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-MEINH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-MEINH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINB
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-MEINB
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-MEINB.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EXCRT, internal->external for field WKURS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EXCRT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-WKURS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-WKURS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field ORGWTH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-ORGWTH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-ORGWTH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WHGBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-WHGBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-WHGBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field ORGWTK
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-ORGWTK
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-ORGWTK.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WKGBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-WKGBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-WKGBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field ORGWTT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-ORGWTT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-ORGWTT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WTGBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-WTGBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-WTGBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field ORGWTO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-ORGWTO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-ORGWTO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WOGBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-WOGBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-WOGBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field ORGWTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-ORGWTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-ORGWTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WLGBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COVO4-WLGBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COVO4-WLGBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_COVO4_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
REFBT TYPE STRING,
REFBN TYPE STRING,
RFPOS TYPE STRING,
RFKNT TYPE STRING,
RFTRM TYPE STRING,
RFART TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
LEDNR TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
HRKFT TYPE STRING,
RFORG TYPE STRING,
RFTYP TYPE STRING,
RFSYS TYPE STRING,
VRGNG TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
WRTTP TYPE STRING,
VERSN TYPE STRING,
SAKTO TYPE STRING,
VBUND TYPE STRING,
PARGB TYPE STRING,
BEKNZ TYPE STRING,
TWAER TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
PERIO TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
MATKL TYPE STRING,
SGTXT TYPE STRING,
GESMNG TYPE STRING,
MEINH TYPE STRING,
MEGBTR TYPE STRING,
MBGBTR TYPE STRING,
MEINB TYPE STRING,
WKURS TYPE STRING,
ORGWTH TYPE STRING,
WHGBTR TYPE STRING,
ORGWTK TYPE STRING,
WKGBTR TYPE STRING,
ORGWTT TYPE STRING,
WTGBTR TYPE STRING,
ORGWTO TYPE STRING,
WOGBTR TYPE STRING,
ORGWTL TYPE STRING,
WLGBTR TYPE STRING,
LOEKZ TYPE STRING,
DABRZ TYPE STRING,
TIMESTMP TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_COVO4_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_COVO4_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-REFBT sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-REFBN sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-RFPOS sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-RFKNT sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-RFTRM sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-RFART sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-LEDNR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-HRKFT sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-RFORG sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-RFTYP sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-RFSYS sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-VRGNG sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-WRTTP sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-VERSN sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-SAKTO sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-VBUND sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-PARGB sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-BEKNZ sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-TWAER sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-BLDAT sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-PERIO sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-MATKL sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-SGTXT sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-GESMNG sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-MEINH sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-MEGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-MBGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-MEINB sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-WKURS sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-ORGWTH sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-WHGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-ORGWTK sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-WKGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-ORGWTT sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-WTGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-ORGWTO sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-WOGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-ORGWTL sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-WLGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-LOEKZ sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-DABRZ sy-vline 
WA_COVO4_STR-TIMESTMP sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.