ABAP Select data from SAP table COTAR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP COTAR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to COTAR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the COTAR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_COTAR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF COTAR,
      WA_COTAR TYPE COTAR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <COTAR> TYPE COTAR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_COTAR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM COTAR
  INTO TABLE IT_COTAR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM COTAR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_COTAR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_COTAR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_COTAR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_COTAR ASSIGNING <COTAR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<COTAR>-GJAHR = 1.
<COTAR>-VERSN = 1.
<COTAR>-RLDNR = 1.
<COTAR>-CATEGORY = 1.
<COTAR>-OBJNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_COTAR INTO WA_COTAR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_COTAR-BWSTRAT, sy-vline,
  WA_COTAR-PERIO, sy-vline,
  WA_COTAR-KWAER, sy-vline,
  WA_COTAR-TKG, sy-vline,
  WA_COTAR-TKF, sy-vline,
  WA_COTAR-TKE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_COTAR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_COTAR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_COTAR INTO WA_COTAR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-VERSN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-VERSN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RLDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-RLDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-RLDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CATEGORY
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-CATEGORY
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-CATEGORY.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TKG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-TKG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-TKG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TKF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-TKF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-TKF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TOG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-TOG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-TOG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TOF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-TOF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-TOF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TOGR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-TOGR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-TOGR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TOFR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COTAR-TOFR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COTAR-TOFR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_COTAR_STR, 
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
VERSN TYPE STRING,
RLDNR TYPE STRING,
CATEGORY TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
BWSTRAT TYPE STRING,
PERIO TYPE STRING,
KWAER TYPE STRING,
TKG TYPE STRING,
TKF TYPE STRING,
TKE TYPE STRING,
OWAERS TYPE STRING,
TOG TYPE STRING,
TOF TYPE STRING,
TOE TYPE STRING,
OWAERR TYPE STRING,
TOGR TYPE STRING,
TOFR TYPE STRING,
TOER TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_COTAR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_COTAR_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-VERSN sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-RLDNR sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-CATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-BWSTRAT sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-PERIO sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-KWAER sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-TKG sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-TKF sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-TKE sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-OWAERS sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-TOG sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-TOF sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-TOE sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-OWAERR sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-TOGR sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-TOFR sy-vline 
WA_COTAR_STR-TOER sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.