ABAP Select data from SAP table COSPA_TXTKEY into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP COSPA_TXTKEY table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to COSPA_TXTKEY. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the COSPA_TXTKEY table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_COSPA_TXTKEY TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF COSPA_TXTKEY,
      WA_COSPA_TXTKEY TYPE COSPA_TXTKEY,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <COSPA_TXTKEY> TYPE COSPA_TXTKEY.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_COSPA_TXTKEY.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM COSPA_TXTKEY
  INTO TABLE IT_COSPA_TXTKEY.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM COSPA_TXTKEY
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_COSPA_TXTKEY2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_COSPA_TXTKEY INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_COSPA_TXTKEY2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_COSPA_TXTKEY ASSIGNING <COSPA_TXTKEY>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<COSPA_TXTKEY>-LEDNR = 1.
<COSPA_TXTKEY>-OBJNR = 1.
<COSPA_TXTKEY>-GJAHR = 1.
<COSPA_TXTKEY>-WRTTP = 1.
<COSPA_TXTKEY>-VERSN = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_COSPA_TXTKEY INTO WA_COSPA_TXTKEY.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-KSTAR, sy-vline,
  WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-HRKFT, sy-vline,
  WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-VRGNG, sy-vline,
  WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-VBUND, sy-vline,
  WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-PARGB, sy-vline,
  WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-BEKNZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_COSPA_TXTKEY you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_COSPA_TXTKEY TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_COSPA_TXTKEY INTO WA_COSPA_TXTKEY.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LEDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-LEDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-LEDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field WRTTP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-WRTTP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-WRTTP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-VERSN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-VERSN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KSTAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-KSTAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-KSTAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBUND
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-VBUND
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-VBUND.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit BEKNZ, internal->external for field BEKNZ
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_BEKNZ_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-BEKNZ
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COSPA_TXTKEY-BEKNZ.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR, 
LEDNR TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
WRTTP TYPE STRING,
VERSN TYPE STRING,
KSTAR TYPE STRING,
HRKFT TYPE STRING,
VRGNG TYPE STRING,
VBUND TYPE STRING,
PARGB TYPE STRING,
BEKNZ TYPE STRING,
TWAER TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-LEDNR sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-WRTTP sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-VERSN sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-KSTAR sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-HRKFT sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-VRGNG sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-VBUND sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-PARGB sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-BEKNZ sy-vline 
WA_COSPA_TXTKEY_STR-TWAER sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.