ABAP Select data from SAP table COBTR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP COBTR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to COBTR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the COBTR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_COBTR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF COBTR,
      WA_COBTR TYPE COBTR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <COBTR> TYPE COBTR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_COBTR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM COBTR
  INTO TABLE IT_COBTR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM COBTR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_COBTR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_COBTR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_COBTR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_COBTR ASSIGNING <COBTR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<COBTR>-WTG = 1.
<COBTR>-WKG = 1.
<COBTR>-WKF = 1.
<COBTR>-WKFS = 1.
<COBTR>-WOGR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_COBTR INTO WA_COBTR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_COBTR-PAG, sy-vline,
  WA_COBTR-PAF, sy-vline,
  WA_COBTR-PAFS, sy-vline,
  WA_COBTR-MEG, sy-vline,
  WA_COBTR-MEF, sy-vline,
  WA_COBTR-TKG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_COBTR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_COBTR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_COBTR INTO WA_COBTR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WTG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-WTG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-WTG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WKG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-WKG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-WKG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WKF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-WKF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-WKF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WKFS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-WKFS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-WKFS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WOGR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-WOGR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-WOGR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field PAG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-PAG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-PAG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field PAF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-PAF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-PAF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field PAFS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-PAFS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-PAFS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TKG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-TKG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-TKG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TKF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-TKF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-TKF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TOG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-TOG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-TOG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC112, internal->external for field TOF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC112_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBTR-TOF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBTR-TOF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_COBTR_STR, 
WTG TYPE STRING,
WKG TYPE STRING,
WKF TYPE STRING,
WKFS TYPE STRING,
WOGR TYPE STRING,
PAG TYPE STRING,
PAF TYPE STRING,
PAFS TYPE STRING,
MEG TYPE STRING,
MEF TYPE STRING,
TKG TYPE STRING,
TKF TYPE STRING,
TKE TYPE STRING,
TOG TYPE STRING,
TOF TYPE STRING,
TOE TYPE STRING,
BWSTRAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_COBTR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_COBTR_STR-WTG sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-WKG sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-WKF sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-WKFS sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-WOGR sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-PAG sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-PAF sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-PAFS sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-MEG sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-MEF sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-TKG sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-TKF sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-TKE sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-TOG sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-TOF sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-TOE sy-vline 
WA_COBTR_STR-BWSTRAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.