ABAP Select data from SAP table COBL_GENERAL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP COBL_GENERAL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to COBL_GENERAL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the COBL_GENERAL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_COBL_GENERAL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF COBL_GENERAL,
      WA_COBL_GENERAL TYPE COBL_GENERAL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <COBL_GENERAL> TYPE COBL_GENERAL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_COBL_GENERAL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM COBL_GENERAL
  INTO TABLE IT_COBL_GENERAL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM COBL_GENERAL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_COBL_GENERAL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_COBL_GENERAL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_COBL_GENERAL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_COBL_GENERAL ASSIGNING <COBL_GENERAL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<COBL_GENERAL>-KOKRS = 1.
<COBL_GENERAL>-GJAHR = 1.
<COBL_GENERAL>-PERAB = 1.
<COBL_GENERAL>-PERBI = 1.
<COBL_GENERAL>-WKGBTR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_COBL_GENERAL INTO WA_COBL_GENERAL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_COBL_GENERAL-WTGBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_COBL_GENERAL-MBGBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_COBL_GENERAL-MEINB, sy-vline,
  WA_COBL_GENERAL-VRGNG, sy-vline,
  WA_COBL_GENERAL-VERSN, sy-vline,
  WA_COBL_GENERAL-TWAER, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_COBL_GENERAL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_COBL_GENERAL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_COBL_GENERAL INTO WA_COBL_GENERAL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBL_GENERAL-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBL_GENERAL-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WKGBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBL_GENERAL-WKGBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBL_GENERAL-WKGBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AC152, internal->external for field WTGBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AC152_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBL_GENERAL-WTGBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBL_GENERAL-WTGBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINB
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBL_GENERAL-MEINB
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBL_GENERAL-MEINB.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBL_GENERAL-VERSN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBL_GENERAL-VERSN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBL_GENERAL-EBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBL_GENERAL-EBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_COBL_GENERAL-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_COBL_GENERAL-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_COBL_GENERAL_STR, 
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
PERAB TYPE STRING,
PERBI TYPE STRING,
WKGBTR TYPE STRING,
WTGBTR TYPE STRING,
MBGBTR TYPE STRING,
MEINB TYPE STRING,
VRGNG TYPE STRING,
VERSN TYPE STRING,
TWAER TYPE STRING,
BELTP TYPE STRING,
EBELN TYPE STRING,
EBELP TYPE STRING,
ZEKKN TYPE STRING,
PERNR TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
BLTXT TYPE STRING,
ZLENR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-PERAB sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-PERBI sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-WKGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-WTGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-MBGBTR sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-MEINB sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-VRGNG sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-VERSN sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-TWAER sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-BELTP sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-EBELN sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-EBELP sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-ZEKKN sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-BLTXT sy-vline 
WA_COBL_GENERAL_STR-ZLENR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.