ABAP Select data from SAP table CMSKU into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CMSKU table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CMSKU. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CMSKU table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CMSKU TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CMSKU,
      WA_CMSKU TYPE CMSKU,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CMSKU> TYPE CMSKU.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CMSKU.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CMSKU
  INTO TABLE IT_CMSKU.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CMSKU
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CMSKU2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CMSKU INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CMSKU2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CMSKU ASSIGNING <CMSKU>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CMSKU>-MANDT = 1.
<CMSKU>-MATERIAL = 1.
<CMSKU>-HIER_ID = 1.
<CMSKU>-STRATEGY = 1.
<CMSKU>-CDT1 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CMSKU INTO WA_CMSKU.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CMSKU-CDT2, sy-vline,
  WA_CMSKU-CDT3, sy-vline,
  WA_CMSKU-CDT4, sy-vline,
  WA_CMSKU-CDT5, sy-vline,
  WA_CMSKU-CDT6, sy-vline,
  WA_CMSKU-CDT7, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CMSKU you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CMSKU TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CMSKU INTO WA_CMSKU.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATERIAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMSKU-MATERIAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMSKU-MATERIAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field SPACEUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMSKU-SPACEUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMSKU-SPACEUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field LINUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMSKU-LINUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMSKU-LINUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CMSKU_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MATERIAL TYPE STRING,
HIER_ID TYPE STRING,
STRATEGY TYPE STRING,
CDT1 TYPE STRING,
CDT2 TYPE STRING,
CDT3 TYPE STRING,
CDT4 TYPE STRING,
CDT5 TYPE STRING,
CDT6 TYPE STRING,
CDT7 TYPE STRING,
VKORG TYPE STRING,
VTWEG TYPE STRING,
SHLFSPC TYPE STRING,
LINSPC TYPE STRING,
SPACEUNIT TYPE STRING,
LINUNIT TYPE STRING,
CHKDATE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CMSKU_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CMSKU_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-MATERIAL sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-HIER_ID sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-STRATEGY sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-CDT1 sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-CDT2 sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-CDT3 sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-CDT4 sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-CDT5 sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-CDT6 sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-CDT7 sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-VKORG sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-VTWEG sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-SHLFSPC sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-LINSPC sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-SPACEUNIT sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-LINUNIT sy-vline 
WA_CMSKU_STR-CHKDATE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.