ABAP Select data from SAP table CMMPLNCHNGDOC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CMMPLNCHNGDOC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CMMPLNCHNGDOC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CMMPLNCHNGDOC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CMMPLNCHNGDOC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CMMPLNCHNGDOC,
      WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC TYPE CMMPLNCHNGDOC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CMMPLNCHNGDOC> TYPE CMMPLNCHNGDOC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CMMPLNCHNGDOC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CMMPLNCHNGDOC
  INTO TABLE IT_CMMPLNCHNGDOC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CMMPLNCHNGDOC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CMMPLNCHNGDOC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CMMPLNCHNGDOC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CMMPLNCHNGDOC ASSIGNING <CMMPLNCHNGDOC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CMMPLNCHNGDOC>-MANDT = 1.
<CMMPLNCHNGDOC>-CHANGEDOCOBJECT = 1.
<CMMPLNCHNGDOC>-CHANGEDOCOBJECTCLASS = 1.
<CMMPLNCHNGDOC>-CHANGEDOCUMENT = 1.
<CMMPLNCHNGDOC>-DATABASETABLE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CMMPLNCHNGDOC INTO WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-CHANGEDOCTABLEKEY, sy-vline,
  WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-CHANGEDOCDATABASETABLEFIELD, sy-vline,
  WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-CHANGEDOCITEMCHANGETYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-CHANGEDOCNEWFIELDVALUE, sy-vline,
  WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-PLANNINGDATASTATUSTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-PLANNINGDATASTATUSCRITICALITY, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CMMPLNCHNGDOC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CMMPLNCHNGDOC INTO WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CHANGEDOCOBJECTCLASS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-CHANGEDOCOBJECTCLASS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-CHANGEDOCOBJECTCLASS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CHANGEDOCUMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-CHANGEDOCUMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC-CHANGEDOCUMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDOCOBJECT TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDOCOBJECTCLASS TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
DATABASETABLE TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDOCTABLEKEY TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDOCDATABASETABLEFIELD TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDOCITEMCHANGETYPE TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDOCNEWFIELDVALUE TYPE STRING,
PLANNINGDATASTATUSTEXT TYPE STRING,
PLANNINGDATASTATUSCRITICALITY TYPE STRING,
CHGDOCUMENTNEWFIELDVALUEREASON TYPE STRING,
CREATEDBYUSER TYPE STRING,
USERDESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,
PLNGDATACHGDOCCREATIONDATETIME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-CHANGEDOCOBJECT sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-CHANGEDOCOBJECTCLASS sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-CHANGEDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-DATABASETABLE sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-CHANGEDOCTABLEKEY sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-CHANGEDOCDATABASETABLEFIELD sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-CHANGEDOCITEMCHANGETYPE sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-CHANGEDOCNEWFIELDVALUE sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-PLANNINGDATASTATUSTEXT sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-PLANNINGDATASTATUSCRITICALITY sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-CHGDOCUMENTNEWFIELDVALUEREASON sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-CREATEDBYUSER sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-USERDESCRIPTION sy-vline 
WA_CMMPLNCHNGDOC_STR-PLNGDATACHGDOCCREATIONDATETIME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.