ABAP Select data from SAP table CML_OPEN_ITEMS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CML_OPEN_ITEMS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CML_OPEN_ITEMS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CML_OPEN_ITEMS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CML_OPEN_ITEMS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CML_OPEN_ITEMS,
      WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS TYPE CML_OPEN_ITEMS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CML_OPEN_ITEMS> TYPE CML_OPEN_ITEMS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CML_OPEN_ITEMS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CML_OPEN_ITEMS
  INTO TABLE IT_CML_OPEN_ITEMS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CML_OPEN_ITEMS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CML_OPEN_ITEMS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CML_OPEN_ITEMS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CML_OPEN_ITEMS ASSIGNING <CML_OPEN_ITEMS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CML_OPEN_ITEMS>-MARKED = 1.
<CML_OPEN_ITEMS>-RANL = 1.
<CML_OPEN_ITEMS>-RBELKPFD = 1.
<CML_OPEN_ITEMS>-KUNNR = 1.
<CML_OPEN_ITEMS>-WAERS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CML_OPEN_ITEMS INTO WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-SHKZG, sy-vline,
  WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-BUZEI, sy-vline,
  WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-UMSKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-VBEWA, sy-vline,
  WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-XBEWART, sy-vline,
  WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-ZFBDT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CML_OPEN_ITEMS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CML_OPEN_ITEMS INTO WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-RANL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-RANL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RBELKPFD
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-RBELKPFD
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-RBELKPFD.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LEADING_RANL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-LEADING_RANL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS-LEADING_RANL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR, 
MARKED TYPE STRING,
RANL TYPE STRING,
RBELKPFD TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
SHKZG TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
UMSKZ TYPE STRING,
VBEWA TYPE STRING,
XBEWART TYPE STRING,
ZFBDT TYPE STRING,
BCWHR TYPE STRING,
SCWHR TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
VALUT TYPE STRING,
DMBTR TYPE STRING,
WRBTR TYPE STRING,
ZLSPR TYPE STRING,
ZLSCH TYPE STRING,
MSCHL TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
SGTXT TYPE STRING,
TABIX TYPE STRING,
EINBE TYPE STRING,
LEADING_RANL TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-MARKED sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-RANL sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-RBELKPFD sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-SHKZG sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-UMSKZ sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-VBEWA sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-XBEWART sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-ZFBDT sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-BCWHR sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-SCWHR sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-VALUT sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-DMBTR sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-WRBTR sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-ZLSPR sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-ZLSCH sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-MSCHL sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-SGTXT sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-TABIX sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-EINBE sy-vline 
WA_CML_OPEN_ITEMS_STR-LEADING_RANL sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.