ABAP Select data from SAP table CMIMSG into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CMIMSG table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CMIMSG. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CMIMSG table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CMIMSG TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CMIMSG,
      WA_CMIMSG TYPE CMIMSG,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CMIMSG> TYPE CMIMSG.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CMIMSG.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CMIMSG
  INTO TABLE IT_CMIMSG.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CMIMSG
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CMIMSG2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CMIMSG INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CMIMSG2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CMIMSG ASSIGNING <CMIMSG>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CMIMSG>-ARBGB = 1.
<CMIMSG>-MSGTY = 1.
<CMIMSG>-MSGNR = 1.
<CMIMSG>-MSGV1 = 1.
<CMIMSG>-MSGV2 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CMIMSG INTO WA_CMIMSG.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CMIMSG-MSGV3, sy-vline,
  WA_CMIMSG-MSGV4, sy-vline,
  WA_CMIMSG-OBJKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_CMIMSG-WERKS, sy-vline,
  WA_CMIMSG-MATNR, sy-vline,
  WA_CMIMSG-DISST, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CMIMSG you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CMIMSG TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CMIMSG INTO WA_CMIMSG.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-AUFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-AUFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-PLNUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-PLNUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-PLNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-PLNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-PLNAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-PLNAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNFL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-PLNFL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-PLNFL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field VORNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-VORNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-VORNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field TYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-TYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-TYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field STLNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-STLNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-STLNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STLAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-STLAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-STLAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field SPOSN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMIMSG-SPOSN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMIMSG-SPOSN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CMIMSG_STR, 
ARBGB TYPE STRING,
MSGTY TYPE STRING,
MSGNR TYPE STRING,
MSGV1 TYPE STRING,
MSGV2 TYPE STRING,
MSGV3 TYPE STRING,
MSGV4 TYPE STRING,
OBJKZ TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
DISST TYPE STRING,
VBFIX TYPE STRING,
VEBE TYPE STRING,
VBSPZ TYPE STRING,
GRU1 TYPE STRING,
GRU2 TYPE STRING,
OCSKZ TYPE STRING,
AUFNR TYPE STRING,
PLNUM TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
PLNTY TYPE STRING,
PLNNR TYPE STRING,
PLNAL TYPE STRING,
PLNFL TYPE STRING,
VORNR TYPE STRING,
TEXT TYPE STRING,
DUPCOUNT TYPE STRING,
COUNT TYPE STRING,
HEADLINE TYPE STRING,
TYPE TYPE STRING,
STLTY TYPE STRING,
STLNR TYPE STRING,
STLAL TYPE STRING,
SPOSN TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CMIMSG_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CMIMSG_STR-ARBGB sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-MSGTY sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-MSGNR sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-MSGV1 sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-MSGV2 sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-MSGV3 sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-MSGV4 sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-OBJKZ sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-DISST sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-VBFIX sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-VEBE sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-VBSPZ sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-GRU1 sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-GRU2 sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-OCSKZ sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-AUFNR sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-PLNUM sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-PLNTY sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-PLNNR sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-PLNAL sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-PLNFL sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-VORNR sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-TEXT sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-DUPCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-COUNT sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-HEADLINE sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-TYPE sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-STLTY sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-STLNR sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-STLAL sy-vline 
WA_CMIMSG_STR-SPOSN sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.