ABAP Select data from SAP table CMFIMSG into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CMFIMSG table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CMFIMSG. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CMFIMSG table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CMFIMSG TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CMFIMSG,
      WA_CMFIMSG TYPE CMFIMSG,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CMFIMSG> TYPE CMFIMSG.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CMFIMSG.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CMFIMSG
  INTO TABLE IT_CMFIMSG.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CMFIMSG
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CMFIMSG2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CMFIMSG INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CMFIMSG2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CMFIMSG ASSIGNING <CMFIMSG>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CMFIMSG>-MANDT = 1.
<CMFIMSG>-APLID = 1.
<CMFIMSG>-NR = 1.
<CMFIMSG>-MSGCNT = 1.
<CMFIMSG>-ARBGB = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CMFIMSG INTO WA_CMFIMSG.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CMFIMSG-MSGTY, sy-vline,
  WA_CMFIMSG-MSGNR, sy-vline,
  WA_CMFIMSG-MSGV1, sy-vline,
  WA_CMFIMSG-MSGV2, sy-vline,
  WA_CMFIMSG-MSGV3, sy-vline,
  WA_CMFIMSG-MSGV4, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CMFIMSG you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CMFIMSG TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CMFIMSG INTO WA_CMFIMSG.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRAS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMFIMSG-SPRAS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMFIMSG-SPRAS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CMFIMSG_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
APLID TYPE STRING,
NR TYPE STRING,
MSGCNT TYPE STRING,
ARBGB TYPE STRING,
MSGTY TYPE STRING,
MSGNR TYPE STRING,
MSGV1 TYPE STRING,
MSGV2 TYPE STRING,
MSGV3 TYPE STRING,
MSGV4 TYPE STRING,
SPRAS TYPE STRING,
OBJKZ TYPE STRING,
OBJECT TYPE STRING,
SUBOBJ TYPE STRING,
DUPCOUNT TYPE STRING,
VBFIX TYPE STRING,
VEBE TYPE STRING,
VBSPZ TYPE STRING,
GRU1 TYPE STRING,
GRU2 TYPE STRING,
OCSKZ TYPE STRING,
DATUM TYPE STRING,
UZEIT TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
USEREXITT TYPE STRING,
USEREXITP TYPE STRING,
USEREXITF TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
TEXT TYPE STRING,
SELKZ TYPE STRING,
V61B_SELKZ TYPE STRING,
INDEX TYPE STRING,
IXMSGPAR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CMFIMSG_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-APLID sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-NR sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-MSGCNT sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-ARBGB sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-MSGTY sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-MSGNR sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-MSGV1 sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-MSGV2 sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-MSGV3 sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-MSGV4 sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-SPRAS sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-OBJKZ sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-OBJECT sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-SUBOBJ sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-DUPCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-VBFIX sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-VEBE sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-VBSPZ sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-GRU1 sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-GRU2 sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-OCSKZ sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-DATUM sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-UZEIT sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-USEREXITT sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-USEREXITP sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-USEREXITF sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-TEXT sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-SELKZ sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-V61B_SELKZ sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-INDEX sy-vline 
WA_CMFIMSG_STR-IXMSGPAR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.