ABAP Select data from SAP table CMATDOCHEADER into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CMATDOCHEADER table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CMATDOCHEADER. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CMATDOCHEADER table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CMATDOCHEADER TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CMATDOCHEADER,
      WA_CMATDOCHEADER TYPE CMATDOCHEADER,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CMATDOCHEADER> TYPE CMATDOCHEADER.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CMATDOCHEADER.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CMATDOCHEADER
  INTO TABLE IT_CMATDOCHEADER.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CMATDOCHEADER
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CMATDOCHEADER2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CMATDOCHEADER INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CMATDOCHEADER2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CMATDOCHEADER ASSIGNING <CMATDOCHEADER>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CMATDOCHEADER>-MANDT = 1.
<CMATDOCHEADER>-MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR = 1.
<CMATDOCHEADER>-MATERIALDOCUMENT = 1.
<CMATDOCHEADER>-DOCUMENTDATE = 1.
<CMATDOCHEADER>-MATERIALDOCUMENTHEADERTEXT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CMATDOCHEADER INTO WA_CMATDOCHEADER.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CMATDOCHEADER-PLANT, sy-vline,
  WA_CMATDOCHEADER-STORAGELOCATION, sy-vline,
  WA_CMATDOCHEADER-ISSUINGORRECEIVINGPLANT, sy-vline,
  WA_CMATDOCHEADER-ISSUINGORRECEIVINGSTORAGELOC, sy-vline,
  WA_CMATDOCHEADER-DELIVERYDOCUMENT, sy-vline,
  WA_CMATDOCHEADER-REFERENCEDOCUMENT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CMATDOCHEADER you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CMATDOCHEADER TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CMATDOCHEADER INTO WA_CMATDOCHEADER.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMATDOCHEADER-MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMATDOCHEADER-MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MATERIALDOCUMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMATDOCHEADER-MATERIALDOCUMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMATDOCHEADER-MATERIALDOCUMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DELIVERYDOCUMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMATDOCHEADER-DELIVERYDOCUMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMATDOCHEADER-DELIVERYDOCUMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CMATDOCHEADER_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR TYPE STRING,
MATERIALDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTDATE TYPE STRING,
MATERIALDOCUMENTHEADERTEXT TYPE STRING,
PLANT TYPE STRING,
STORAGELOCATION TYPE STRING,
ISSUINGORRECEIVINGPLANT TYPE STRING,
ISSUINGORRECEIVINGSTORAGELOC TYPE STRING,
DELIVERYDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
REFERENCEDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-MATERIALDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-DOCUMENTDATE sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-MATERIALDOCUMENTHEADERTEXT sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-PLANT sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-STORAGELOCATION sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-ISSUINGORRECEIVINGPLANT sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-ISSUINGORRECEIVINGSTORAGELOC sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-DELIVERYDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_CMATDOCHEADER_STR-REFERENCEDOCUMENT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.