ABAP Select data from SAP table CMAINTCONF into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CMAINTCONF table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CMAINTCONF. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CMAINTCONF table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CMAINTCONF TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CMAINTCONF,
      WA_CMAINTCONF TYPE CMAINTCONF,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CMAINTCONF> TYPE CMAINTCONF.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CMAINTCONF.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CMAINTCONF
  INTO TABLE IT_CMAINTCONF.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CMAINTCONF
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CMAINTCONF2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CMAINTCONF INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CMAINTCONF2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CMAINTCONF ASSIGNING <CMAINTCONF>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CMAINTCONF>-MANDT = 1.
<CMAINTCONF>-MAINTORDERCONF = 1.
<CMAINTCONF>-MAINTORDERCONFCNTRVALUE = 1.
<CMAINTCONF>-ENTEREDBYUSER = 1.
<CMAINTCONF>-CREATEDBYUSERDESCRIPTION = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CMAINTCONF INTO WA_CMAINTCONF.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CMAINTCONF-PERSONNELNUMBER, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINTCONF-PERSONFULLNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINTCONF-ACTUALDURATION, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINTCONF-ACTUALDURATIONUNIT, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINTCONF-ACTUALWORKQUANTITY, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINTCONF-ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CMAINTCONF you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CMAINTCONF TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CMAINTCONF INTO WA_CMAINTCONF.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ACTUALDURATIONUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAINTCONF-ACTUALDURATIONUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAINTCONF-ACTUALDURATIONUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAINTCONF-ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAINTCONF-ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAINTCONF-REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAINTCONF-REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MAINTENANCEORDER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAINTCONF-MAINTENANCEORDER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAINTCONF-MAINTENANCEORDER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CMAINTCONF_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDERCONF TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDERCONFCNTRVALUE TYPE STRING,
ENTEREDBYUSER TYPE STRING,
CREATEDBYUSERDESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,
PERSONNELNUMBER TYPE STRING,
PERSONFULLNAME TYPE STRING,
ACTUALDURATION TYPE STRING,
ACTUALDURATIONUNIT TYPE STRING,
ACTUALWORKQUANTITY TYPE STRING,
ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT TYPE STRING,
REMAININGWORKQUANTITY TYPE STRING,
REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT TYPE STRING,
CONFIRMATIONTEXT TYPE STRING,
PLANT TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEORDER TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CMAINTCONF_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-MAINTORDERCONF sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-MAINTORDERCONFCNTRVALUE sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-ENTEREDBYUSER sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-CREATEDBYUSERDESCRIPTION sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-PERSONNELNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-PERSONFULLNAME sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-ACTUALDURATION sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-ACTUALDURATIONUNIT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-ACTUALWORKQUANTITY sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-REMAININGWORKQUANTITY sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-CONFIRMATIONTEXT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-PLANT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINTCONF_STR-MAINTENANCEORDER sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.