ABAP Select data from SAP table CMAC_GL_ITEMS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CMAC_GL_ITEMS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CMAC_GL_ITEMS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CMAC_GL_ITEMS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CMAC_GL_ITEMS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CMAC_GL_ITEMS,
      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS TYPE CMAC_GL_ITEMS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CMAC_GL_ITEMS> TYPE CMAC_GL_ITEMS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CMAC_GL_ITEMS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CMAC_GL_ITEMS
  INTO TABLE IT_CMAC_GL_ITEMS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CMAC_GL_ITEMS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CMAC_GL_ITEMS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CMAC_GL_ITEMS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CMAC_GL_ITEMS ASSIGNING <CMAC_GL_ITEMS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CMAC_GL_ITEMS>-OPBEL = 1.
<CMAC_GL_ITEMS>-OPUPK = 1.
<CMAC_GL_ITEMS>-BUKRS = 1.
<CMAC_GL_ITEMS>-GSBER = 1.
<CMAC_GL_ITEMS>-HKONT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CMAC_GL_ITEMS INTO WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-WAERS, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-KOSTL, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-AUFNR, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-PS_PSP_PNR, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-PROFIT_CTR, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-SEGMENT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CMAC_GL_ITEMS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CMAC_GL_ITEMS INTO WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field OPBEL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-OPBEL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-OPBEL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field HKONT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-HKONT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-HKONT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-KOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-KOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-AUFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-AUFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ABPSP, internal->external for field PS_PSP_PNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ABPSP_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-PS_PSP_PNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-PS_PSP_PNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PROFIT_CTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-PROFIT_CTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-PROFIT_CTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SEGMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-SEGMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-SEGMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIL, internal->external for field FIPEX
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIL_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-FIPEX
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-FIPEX.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-GRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-GRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field BUDGETYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-BUDGETYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS-BUDGETYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR, 
OPBEL TYPE STRING,
OPUPK TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
GSBER TYPE STRING,
HKONT TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
KOSTL TYPE STRING,
AUFNR TYPE STRING,
PS_PSP_PNR TYPE STRING,
PROFIT_CTR TYPE STRING,
SEGMENT TYPE STRING,
BETRH TYPE STRING,
BETRW TYPE STRING,
PSGRP TYPE STRING,
MWSKZ TYPE STRING,
TXJCD TYPE STRING,
SBASH TYPE STRING,
SBASW TYPE STRING,
ORIGFIKRS TYPE STRING,
FIPEX TYPE STRING,
FISTL TYPE STRING,
FONDS TYPE STRING,
FKBER TYPE STRING,
MEASURE TYPE STRING,
GRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
BUDGETYEAR TYPE STRING,
BUDGET_PD TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-OPBEL sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-OPUPK sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-GSBER sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-HKONT sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-KOSTL sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-AUFNR sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-PS_PSP_PNR sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-PROFIT_CTR sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-SEGMENT sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-BETRH sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-BETRW sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-PSGRP sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-MWSKZ sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-TXJCD sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-SBASH sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-SBASW sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-ORIGFIKRS sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-FIPEX sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-FISTL sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-FONDS sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-FKBER sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-MEASURE sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-GRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-BUDGETYEAR sy-vline 
WA_CMAC_GL_ITEMS_STR-BUDGET_PD sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.