ABAP Select data from SAP table CENGSNPREFDOC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CENGSNPREFDOC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CENGSNPREFDOC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CENGSNPREFDOC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CENGSNPREFDOC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CENGSNPREFDOC,
      WA_CENGSNPREFDOC TYPE CENGSNPREFDOC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CENGSNPREFDOC> TYPE CENGSNPREFDOC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CENGSNPREFDOC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CENGSNPREFDOC
  INTO TABLE IT_CENGSNPREFDOC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CENGSNPREFDOC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CENGSNPREFDOC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CENGSNPREFDOC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CENGSNPREFDOC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CENGSNPREFDOC ASSIGNING <CENGSNPREFDOC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CENGSNPREFDOC>-MANDT = 1.
<CENGSNPREFDOC>-ENGSNAPSHOTREFUUID = 1.
<CENGSNPREFDOC>-DOCUMENTINFORECORD = 1.
<CENGSNPREFDOC>-DOCUMENTTYPE = 1.
<CENGSNPREFDOC>-DOCUMENTPART = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CENGSNPREFDOC INTO WA_CENGSNPREFDOC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CENGSNPREFDOC-DOCUMENTVERSION, sy-vline,
  WA_CENGSNPREFDOC-ENGSNAPSHOTUUID, sy-vline,
  WA_CENGSNPREFDOC-EXTERNALDOCUMENTSTATUS, sy-vline,
  WA_CENGSNPREFDOC-DOCUMENTSTATUSNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_CENGSNPREFDOC-DOCUMENTDESCRIPTION, sy-vline,
  WA_CENGSNPREFDOC-CREATEDBYUSER, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CENGSNPREFDOC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CENGSNPREFDOC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CENGSNPREFDOC INTO WA_CENGSNPREFDOC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCUMENTINFORECORD
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CENGSNPREFDOC-DOCUMENTINFORECORD
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CENGSNPREFDOC-DOCUMENTINFORECORD.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
ENGSNAPSHOTREFUUID TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTINFORECORD TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTTYPE TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTPART TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTVERSION TYPE STRING,
ENGSNAPSHOTUUID TYPE STRING,
EXTERNALDOCUMENTSTATUS TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTSTATUSNAME TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTDESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,
CREATEDBYUSER TYPE STRING,
CREATIONDATETIME TYPE STRING,
CREATIONDATE TYPE STRING,
LASTCHANGEDBYUSER TYPE STRING,
LASTCHANGEDATETIME TYPE STRING,
LASTCHANGEDATE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-ENGSNAPSHOTREFUUID sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-DOCUMENTINFORECORD sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-DOCUMENTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-DOCUMENTPART sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-DOCUMENTVERSION sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-ENGSNAPSHOTUUID sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-EXTERNALDOCUMENTSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-DOCUMENTSTATUSNAME sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-DOCUMENTDESCRIPTION sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-CREATEDBYUSER sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-CREATIONDATETIME sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-CREATIONDATE sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-LASTCHANGEDBYUSER sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-LASTCHANGEDATETIME sy-vline 
WA_CENGSNPREFDOC_STR-LASTCHANGEDATE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.