ABAP Select data from SAP table BSEG_LIGHT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BSEG_LIGHT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BSEG_LIGHT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BSEG_LIGHT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BSEG_LIGHT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BSEG_LIGHT,
      WA_BSEG_LIGHT TYPE BSEG_LIGHT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BSEG_LIGHT> TYPE BSEG_LIGHT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BSEG_LIGHT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BSEG_LIGHT
  INTO TABLE IT_BSEG_LIGHT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BSEG_LIGHT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BSEG_LIGHT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BSEG_LIGHT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BSEG_LIGHT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BSEG_LIGHT ASSIGNING <BSEG_LIGHT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BSEG_LIGHT>-BUKRS = 1.
<BSEG_LIGHT>-BELNR = 1.
<BSEG_LIGHT>-GJAHR = 1.
<BSEG_LIGHT>-BLART = 1.
<BSEG_LIGHT>-BUZEI = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BSEG_LIGHT INTO WA_BSEG_LIGHT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BSEG_LIGHT-WRBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_BSEG_LIGHT-AUGDT, sy-vline,
  WA_BSEG_LIGHT-AUGCP, sy-vline,
  WA_BSEG_LIGHT-AUGBL, sy-vline,
  WA_BSEG_LIGHT-BSCHL, sy-vline,
  WA_BSEG_LIGHT-HKONT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BSEG_LIGHT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BSEG_LIGHT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BSEG_LIGHT INTO WA_BSEG_LIGHT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BSEG_LIGHT-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BSEG_LIGHT-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BSEG_LIGHT-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BSEG_LIGHT-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUGBL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BSEG_LIGHT-AUGBL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BSEG_LIGHT-AUGBL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field HKONT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BSEG_LIGHT-HKONT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BSEG_LIGHT-HKONT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BSEG_LIGHT-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BSEG_LIGHT-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BSEG_LIGHT-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BSEG_LIGHT-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field FILKD
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BSEG_LIGHT-FILKD
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BSEG_LIGHT-FILKD.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EMPFB
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BSEG_LIGHT-EMPFB
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BSEG_LIGHT-EMPFB.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BSEG_LIGHT_STR, 
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BLART TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
WRBTR TYPE STRING,
AUGDT TYPE STRING,
AUGCP TYPE STRING,
AUGBL TYPE STRING,
BSCHL TYPE STRING,
HKONT TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
FILKD TYPE STRING,
ZFBDT TYPE STRING,
WAERL TYPE STRING,
EMPFB TYPE STRING,
FILKD_TEXT TYPE STRING,
EMPFB_TEXT TYPE STRING,
LIFNR_TEXT TYPE STRING,
KUNNR_TEXT TYPE STRING,
BLART_TEXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-BLART sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-WRBTR sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-AUGDT sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-AUGCP sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-AUGBL sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-BSCHL sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-HKONT sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-FILKD sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-ZFBDT sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-WAERL sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-EMPFB sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-FILKD_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-EMPFB_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-LIFNR_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-KUNNR_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_BSEG_LIGHT_STR-BLART_TEXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.