ABAP Select data from SAP table BMVARIANT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BMVARIANT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BMVARIANT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BMVARIANT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BMVARIANT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BMVARIANT,
      WA_BMVARIANT TYPE BMVARIANT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BMVARIANT> TYPE BMVARIANT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BMVARIANT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BMVARIANT
  INTO TABLE IT_BMVARIANT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BMVARIANT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BMVARIANT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BMVARIANT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BMVARIANT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BMVARIANT ASSIGNING <BMVARIANT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BMVARIANT>-FILTER_ID = 1.
<BMVARIANT>-SEL_ID = 1.
<BMVARIANT>-AS4LOCAL = 1.
<BMVARIANT>-FSTUSER = 1.
<BMVARIANT>-FSTDATE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BMVARIANT INTO WA_BMVARIANT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BMVARIANT-FSTTIME, sy-vline,
  WA_BMVARIANT-LSTUSER, sy-vline,
  WA_BMVARIANT-LSTDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_BMVARIANT-LSTTIME, sy-vline,
  WA_BMVARIANT-COMP_OBJ, sy-vline,
  WA_BMVARIANT-COMP_TYP, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BMVARIANT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BMVARIANT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BMVARIANT INTO WA_BMVARIANT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit RELE, internal->external for field RELE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_RELE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BMVARIANT-RELE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BMVARIANT-RELE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit RELE, internal->external for field LSTRELE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_RELE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BMVARIANT-LSTRELE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BMVARIANT-LSTRELE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BMVARIANT-LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BMVARIANT-LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BMVARIANT_STR, 
FILTER_ID TYPE STRING,
SEL_ID TYPE STRING,
AS4LOCAL TYPE STRING,
FSTUSER TYPE STRING,
FSTDATE TYPE STRING,
FSTTIME TYPE STRING,
LSTUSER TYPE STRING,
LSTDATE TYPE STRING,
LSTTIME TYPE STRING,
COMP_OBJ TYPE STRING,
COMP_TYP TYPE STRING,
RELE TYPE STRING,
LSTRELE TYPE STRING,
IDENT TYPE STRING,
PRED_FIL TYPE STRING,
PRED_SEL TYPE STRING,
VARI_TYPE TYPE STRING,
CONTXTTP TYPE STRING,
CONTXTID TYPE STRING,
ONLZ TYPE STRING,
BATZ TYPE STRING,
AUTZ TYPE STRING,
MANU TYPE STRING,
REVISION TYPE STRING,
STANDARD TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
RGB_R TYPE STRING,
RGB_G TYPE STRING,
RGB_B TYPE STRING,
SYNCH TYPE STRING,
TSTAMP TYPE STRING,
STRUCT_ID TYPE STRING,
DLVUNIT TYPE STRING,
LANGU TYPE STRING,
NAME TYPE STRING,
INHERITED TYPE STRING,
LONGNAME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BMVARIANT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-FILTER_ID sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-SEL_ID sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-AS4LOCAL sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-FSTUSER sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-FSTDATE sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-FSTTIME sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-LSTUSER sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-LSTDATE sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-LSTTIME sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-COMP_OBJ sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-COMP_TYP sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-RELE sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-LSTRELE sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-IDENT sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-PRED_FIL sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-PRED_SEL sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-VARI_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-CONTXTTP sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-CONTXTID sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-ONLZ sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-BATZ sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-AUTZ sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-MANU sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-REVISION sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-STANDARD sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-RGB_R sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-RGB_G sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-RGB_B sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-SYNCH sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-TSTAMP sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-STRUCT_ID sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-DLVUNIT sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-LANGU sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-NAME sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-INHERITED sy-vline 
WA_BMVARIANT_STR-LONGNAME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.