ABAP Select data from SAP table BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S,
      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S TYPE BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S> TYPE BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S
  INTO TABLE IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S ASSIGNING <BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S>-DOCUMENTID = 1.
<BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S>-ITEMNUMBER = 1.
<BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S>-NETAMOUNT = 1.
<BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S>-GROSSAMOUNT = 1.
<BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S>-TAXCODE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S INTO WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-PRICEAMOUNT, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-PRICEID, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-PRICETYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-PRICELEVEL, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-BILLINGQUANTITY, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-UNIT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S INTO WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCUMENTID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-DOCUMENTID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-DOCUMENTID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PRICEID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-PRICEID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-PRICEID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field UNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-UNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-UNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GERNR, internal->external for field DEVICE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GERNR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-DEVICE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-DEVICE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EQUIPMENTNUMBER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-EQUIPMENTNUMBER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S-EQUIPMENTNUMBER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR, 
DOCUMENTID TYPE STRING,
ITEMNUMBER TYPE STRING,
NETAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
GROSSAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
TAXCODE TYPE STRING,
PRICEAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
PRICEID TYPE STRING,
PRICETYPE TYPE STRING,
PRICELEVEL TYPE STRING,
BILLINGQUANTITY TYPE STRING,
UNIT TYPE STRING,
PERIODSTART TYPE STRING,
PERIODEND TYPE STRING,
DEVICE TYPE STRING,
REGISTER TYPE STRING,
EQUIPMENTNUMBER TYPE STRING,
SUBTRANSACTION TYPE STRING,
POSTINGRELEVANT TYPE STRING,
PRINTRELEVANT TYPE STRING,
BUDGETBILLINGRELEVANT TYPE STRING,
LINEITEMTYPE TYPE STRING,
PRESORTINGKEY TYPE STRING,
RATECATEGORY TYPE STRING,
RATE TYPE STRING,
CURRENCY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-DOCUMENTID sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-ITEMNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-NETAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-GROSSAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-TAXCODE sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-PRICEAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-PRICEID sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-PRICETYPE sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-PRICELEVEL sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-BILLINGQUANTITY sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-UNIT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-PERIODSTART sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-PERIODEND sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-DEVICE sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-REGISTER sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-EQUIPMENTNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-SUBTRANSACTION sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-POSTINGRELEVANT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-PRINTRELEVANT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-BUDGETBILLINGRELEVANT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-LINEITEMTYPE sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-PRESORTINGKEY sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-RATECATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-RATE sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTITEM_S_STR-CURRENCY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.