ABAP Select data from SAP table BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S,
      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S TYPE BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S> TYPE BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S
  INTO TABLE IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S ASSIGNING <BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S>-DOCUMENTID = 1.
<BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S>-TOTALNETAMOUNT = 1.
<BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S>-TOTALTAXAMOUNT = 1.
<BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S>-TOTALGROSSAMOUNT = 1.
<BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S>-BILLINGPERIODSTART = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S INTO WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-BILLINGPERIODEND, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-BUSINESSPARTNERID, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-CONTRACTID, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-CONTRACTACCOUNTID, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-DIVISIONCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-MAINTRANSACTION, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S INTO WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCUMENTID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-DOCUMENTID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-DOCUMENTID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BUSINESSPARTNERID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-BUSINESSPARTNERID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-BUSINESSPARTNERID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CONTRACTID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-CONTRACTID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-CONTRACTID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CONTRACTACCOUNTID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-CONTRACTACCOUNTID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S-CONTRACTACCOUNTID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR, 
DOCUMENTID TYPE STRING,
TOTALNETAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
TOTALTAXAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
TOTALGROSSAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
BILLINGPERIODSTART TYPE STRING,
BILLINGPERIODEND TYPE STRING,
BUSINESSPARTNERID TYPE STRING,
CONTRACTID TYPE STRING,
CONTRACTACCOUNTID TYPE STRING,
DIVISIONCODE TYPE STRING,
MAINTRANSACTION TYPE STRING,
TAXJURISDICTIONCODE TYPE STRING,
CURRENCY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-DOCUMENTID sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-TOTALNETAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-TOTALTAXAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-TOTALGROSSAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-BILLINGPERIODSTART sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-BILLINGPERIODEND sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-BUSINESSPARTNERID sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-CONTRACTID sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-CONTRACTACCOUNTID sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-DIVISIONCODE sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-MAINTRANSACTION sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-TAXJURISDICTIONCODE sy-vline 
WA_BILLINGDOCUMENTHEADER_S_STR-CURRENCY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.