ABAP Select data from SAP table BELEG_STRUC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BELEG_STRUC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BELEG_STRUC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BELEG_STRUC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BELEG_STRUC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BELEG_STRUC,
      WA_BELEG_STRUC TYPE BELEG_STRUC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BELEG_STRUC> TYPE BELEG_STRUC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BELEG_STRUC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BELEG_STRUC
  INTO TABLE IT_BELEG_STRUC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BELEG_STRUC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BELEG_STRUC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BELEG_STRUC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BELEG_STRUC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BELEG_STRUC ASSIGNING <BELEG_STRUC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BELEG_STRUC>-OBJECTID = 1.
<BELEG_STRUC>-CHANGENR = 1.
<BELEG_STRUC>-USERNAME = 1.
<BELEG_STRUC>-UDATE = 1.
<BELEG_STRUC>-UTIME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BELEG_STRUC INTO WA_BELEG_STRUC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BELEG_STRUC-TCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_BELEG_STRUC-TABNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_BELEG_STRUC-TABKEY, sy-vline,
  WA_BELEG_STRUC-KEYLEN, sy-vline,
  WA_BELEG_STRUC-CHNGIND, sy-vline,
  WA_BELEG_STRUC-FNAME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BELEG_STRUC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BELEG_STRUC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BELEG_STRUC INTO WA_BELEG_STRUC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CHANGENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BELEG_STRUC-CHANGENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BELEG_STRUC-CHANGENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRACHE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BELEG_STRUC-SPRACHE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BELEG_STRUC-SPRACHE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AENNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BELEG_STRUC-AENNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BELEG_STRUC-AENNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BELEG_STRUC_STR, 
OBJECTID TYPE STRING,
CHANGENR TYPE STRING,
USERNAME TYPE STRING,
UDATE TYPE STRING,
UTIME TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
TABNAME TYPE STRING,
TABKEY TYPE STRING,
KEYLEN TYPE STRING,
CHNGIND TYPE STRING,
FNAME TYPE STRING,
FTEXT TYPE STRING,
TEXTART TYPE STRING,
SPRACHE TYPE STRING,
TEXT_CASE TYPE STRING,
OUTLEN TYPE STRING,
F_OLD TYPE STRING,
F_NEW TYPE STRING,
KEYGUID TYPE STRING,
TABKEY254 TYPE STRING,
EXT_KEYLEN TYPE STRING,
KEYGUID_STR TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
AENNR TYPE STRING,
GUELTIGAB TYPE STRING,
SCHLUESSEL TYPE STRING,
W_OLD TYPE STRING,
W_NEW TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-OBJECTID sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-CHANGENR sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-USERNAME sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-UDATE sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-UTIME sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-TABNAME sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-TABKEY sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-KEYLEN sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-CHNGIND sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-FNAME sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-FTEXT sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-TEXTART sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-SPRACHE sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-TEXT_CASE sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-OUTLEN sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-F_OLD sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-F_NEW sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-KEYGUID sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-TABKEY254 sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-EXT_KEYLEN sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-KEYGUID_STR sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-AENNR sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-GUELTIGAB sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-SCHLUESSEL sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-W_OLD sy-vline 
WA_BELEG_STRUC_STR-W_NEW sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.