ABAP Select data from SAP table BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS,
      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS TYPE BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS> TYPE BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS
  INTO TABLE IT_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS ASSIGNING <BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS>-PRIMARYKEY = 1.
<BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS>-FLGPRIMKEY = 1.
<BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS>-FOREIGNKEY = 1.
<BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS>-FLGFRGKEY = 1.
<BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS>-LINEMODE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS INTO WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-STATUS, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-STATUSCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-EXTHANDLE, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-RECORD_NO_ESTVA, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-CHNGSTATUS_ESTVA, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-INTERNAL_CHAR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS INTO WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RECORD_NO_ESTVA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-RECORD_NO_ESTVA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-RECORD_NO_ESTVA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CHNGSTATUS_ESTVA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-CHNGSTATUS_ESTVA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-CHNGSTATUS_ESTVA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ATINN, internal->external for field INTERNAL_CHAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ATINN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-INTERNAL_CHAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-INTERNAL_CHAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ATAWE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-ATAWE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-ATAWE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ATAW1
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-ATAW1
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-ATAW1.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCUMENT_NUMBER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-DOCUMENT_NUMBER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-DOCUMENT_NUMBER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RECORD_NO_ROOT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-RECORD_NO_ROOT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-RECORD_NO_ROOT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REF_RECNRH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-REF_RECNRH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-REF_RECNRH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REF_RECNPH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-REF_RECNPH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS-REF_RECNPH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR, 
PRIMARYKEY TYPE STRING,
FLGPRIMKEY TYPE STRING,
FOREIGNKEY TYPE STRING,
FLGFRGKEY TYPE STRING,
LINEMODE TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
STATUSCODE TYPE STRING,
EXTHANDLE TYPE STRING,
RECORD_NO_ESTVA TYPE STRING,
CHNGSTATUS_ESTVA TYPE STRING,
INTERNAL_CHAR TYPE STRING,
NAME_CHAR TYPE STRING,
DESCR_CHAR TYPE STRING,
VAL_SORT TYPE STRING,
CHAR_VALUE TYPE STRING,
DESCR_CVAL TYPE STRING,
NUM_VAL_FM TYPE STRING,
ATAWE TYPE STRING,
ATAWE_ISO TYPE STRING,
NUM_VAL_TO TYPE STRING,
ATAW1 TYPE STRING,
ATAW1_ISO TYPE STRING,
VALUE_CODE TYPE STRING,
ATTLV TYPE STRING,
ATTLB TYPE STRING,
ATPRZ TYPE STRING,
ATINC TYPE STRING,
DEP_LINK TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENT_TYPE TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENT_NUMBER TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENT_VERSION TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENT_PART TYPE STRING,
ATWHI TYPE STRING,
INSTANCE TYPE STRING,
ATSRT TYPE STRING,
ATAUT TYPE STRING,
RECORD_NO_ROOT TYPE STRING,
REF_RECNRH TYPE STRING,
FLG_IS_PHR TYPE STRING,
REF_RECNPH TYPE STRING,
FLG_VALFIX_DESCR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-PRIMARYKEY sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-FLGPRIMKEY sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-FOREIGNKEY sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-FLGFRGKEY sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-LINEMODE sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-STATUSCODE sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-EXTHANDLE sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-RECORD_NO_ESTVA sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-CHNGSTATUS_ESTVA sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-INTERNAL_CHAR sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-NAME_CHAR sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-DESCR_CHAR sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-VAL_SORT sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-CHAR_VALUE sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-DESCR_CVAL sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-NUM_VAL_FM sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATAWE sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATAWE_ISO sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-NUM_VAL_TO sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATAW1 sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATAW1_ISO sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-VALUE_CODE sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATTLV sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATTLB sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATPRZ sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATINC sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-DEP_LINK sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-DOCUMENT_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-DOCUMENT_NUMBER sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-DOCUMENT_VERSION sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-DOCUMENT_PART sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATWHI sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-INSTANCE sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATSRT sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-ATAUT sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-RECORD_NO_ROOT sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-REF_RECNRH sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-FLG_IS_PHR sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-REF_RECNPH sy-vline 
WA_BAPIFRML_CHARACTERISTICS_STR-FLG_VALFIX_DESCR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.