ABAP Select data from SAP table BAPI2018D into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BAPI2018D table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BAPI2018D. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BAPI2018D table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BAPI2018D TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BAPI2018D,
      WA_BAPI2018D TYPE BAPI2018D,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BAPI2018D> TYPE BAPI2018D.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BAPI2018D.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BAPI2018D
  INTO TABLE IT_BAPI2018D.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BAPI2018D
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BAPI2018D2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BAPI2018D INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BAPI2018D2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BAPI2018D ASSIGNING <BAPI2018D>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BAPI2018D>-MATERIAL = 1.
<BAPI2018D>-PLANT = 1.
<BAPI2018D>-REQ_QUTY = 1.
<BAPI2018D>-ALT_UNIT = 1.
<BAPI2018D>-ALT_UNIT_ISO = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BAPI2018D INTO WA_BAPI2018D.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BAPI2018D-STGE_LOC, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPI2018D-BATCH, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPI2018D-STOCK_CAT, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPI2018D-SPEC_STOCK, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPI2018D-SP_STCK_NO, sy-vline,
  WA_BAPI2018D-STO_UNIT_TYPE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BAPI2018D you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BAPI2018D TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BAPI2018D INTO WA_BAPI2018D.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN5, internal->external for field MATERIAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN5_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPI2018D-MATERIAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPI2018D-MATERIAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ALT_UNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPI2018D-ALT_UNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPI2018D-ALT_UNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SP_STCK_NO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPI2018D-SP_STCK_NO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPI2018D-SP_STCK_NO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit LENUM, internal->external for field D_STGE_UNIT_NO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_LENUM_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPI2018D-D_STGE_UNIT_NO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPI2018D-D_STGE_UNIT_NO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATERIAL_LONG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_BAPI2018D-MATERIAL_LONG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_BAPI2018D-MATERIAL_LONG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BAPI2018D_STR, 
MATERIAL TYPE STRING,
PLANT TYPE STRING,
REQ_QUTY TYPE STRING,
ALT_UNIT TYPE STRING,
ALT_UNIT_ISO TYPE STRING,
STGE_LOC TYPE STRING,
BATCH TYPE STRING,
STOCK_CAT TYPE STRING,
SPEC_STOCK TYPE STRING,
SP_STCK_NO TYPE STRING,
STO_UNIT_TYPE TYPE STRING,
GR_RCPT TYPE STRING,
D_STGE_TYPE TYPE STRING,
D_STGE_AREA TYPE STRING,
D_STGE_BIN TYPE STRING,
D_STGE_BIN_P TYPE STRING,
D_STGE_UNIT_NO TYPE STRING,
CONFIRM_IND TYPE STRING,
CERTIFIC_NO TYPE STRING,
GR_DATE TYPE STRING,
S_STGE_TYPE TYPE STRING,
S_STGE_BIN TYPE STRING,
EXPIRYDATE TYPE STRING,
MATERIAL_LONG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BAPI2018D_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-MATERIAL sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-PLANT sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-REQ_QUTY sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-ALT_UNIT sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-ALT_UNIT_ISO sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-STGE_LOC sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-BATCH sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-STOCK_CAT sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-SPEC_STOCK sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-SP_STCK_NO sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-STO_UNIT_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-GR_RCPT sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-D_STGE_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-D_STGE_AREA sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-D_STGE_BIN sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-D_STGE_BIN_P sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-D_STGE_UNIT_NO sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-CONFIRM_IND sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-CERTIFIC_NO sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-GR_DATE sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-S_STGE_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-S_STGE_BIN sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-EXPIRYDATE sy-vline 
WA_BAPI2018D_STR-MATERIAL_LONG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.