ABAP Select data from SAP table BALV_KEY into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BALV_KEY table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BALV_KEY. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BALV_KEY table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BALV_KEY TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BALV_KEY,
      WA_BALV_KEY TYPE BALV_KEY,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BALV_KEY> TYPE BALV_KEY.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BALV_KEY.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BALV_KEY
  INTO TABLE IT_BALV_KEY.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BALV_KEY
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BALV_KEY2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BALV_KEY INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BALV_KEY2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BALV_KEY ASSIGNING <BALV_KEY>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BALV_KEY>-MANDT = 1.
<BALV_KEY>-ID = 1.
<BALV_KEY>-VRGNG = 1.
<BALV_KEY>-APPL = 1.
<BALV_KEY>-PARAM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BALV_KEY INTO WA_BALV_KEY.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BALV_KEY-PGMID, sy-vline,
  WA_BALV_KEY-JOBNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_BALV_KEY-JOBCOUNT, sy-vline,
  WA_BALV_KEY-DESCR, sy-vline,
  WA_BALV_KEY-STRUC, sy-vline,
  WA_BALV_KEY-FIELDCAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BALV_KEY you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BALV_KEY TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BALV_KEY INTO WA_BALV_KEY.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BALV_KEY_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
ID TYPE STRING,
VRGNG TYPE STRING,
APPL TYPE STRING,
PARAM TYPE STRING,
PGMID TYPE STRING,
JOBNAME TYPE STRING,
JOBCOUNT TYPE STRING,
DESCR TYPE STRING,
STRUC TYPE STRING,
FIELDCAT TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
DATLO TYPE STRING,
TIMLO TYPE STRING,
VAR_REPORT TYPE STRING,
VAR_HANDLE TYPE STRING,
VAR_LOG_GROUP TYPE STRING,
VAR_USERNAME TYPE STRING,
VAR_VARIANT TYPE STRING,
SPOOL TYPE STRING,
LOEKZ TYPE STRING,
SPERR TYPE STRING,
REF_ID TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BALV_KEY_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-ID sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-VRGNG sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-APPL sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-PARAM sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-PGMID sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-JOBNAME sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-JOBCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-DESCR sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-STRUC sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-FIELDCAT sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-DATLO sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-TIMLO sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-VAR_REPORT sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-VAR_HANDLE sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-VAR_LOG_GROUP sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-VAR_USERNAME sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-VAR_VARIANT sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-SPOOL sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-LOEKZ sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-SPERR sy-vline 
WA_BALV_KEY_STR-REF_ID sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.