ABAP Select data from SAP table BALHDR_ALV into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BALHDR_ALV table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BALHDR_ALV. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BALHDR_ALV table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BALHDR_ALV TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BALHDR_ALV,
      WA_BALHDR_ALV TYPE BALHDR_ALV,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BALHDR_ALV> TYPE BALHDR_ALV.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BALHDR_ALV.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BALHDR_ALV
  INTO TABLE IT_BALHDR_ALV.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BALHDR_ALV
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BALHDR_ALV2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BALHDR_ALV INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BALHDR_ALV2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BALHDR_ALV ASSIGNING <BALHDR_ALV>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BALHDR_ALV>-MANDANT = 1.
<BALHDR_ALV>-LOGNUMBER = 1.
<BALHDR_ALV>-OBJECT = 1.
<BALHDR_ALV>-SUBOBJECT = 1.
<BALHDR_ALV>-EXTNUMBER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BALHDR_ALV INTO WA_BALHDR_ALV.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BALHDR_ALV-ALDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_BALHDR_ALV-ALTIME, sy-vline,
  WA_BALHDR_ALV-ALUSER, sy-vline,
  WA_BALHDR_ALV-ALTCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_BALHDR_ALV-ALPROG, sy-vline,
  WA_BALHDR_ALV-ALMODE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BALHDR_ALV you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BALHDR_ALV TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BALHDR_ALV INTO WA_BALHDR_ALV.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BALHDR_ALV_STR, 
MANDANT TYPE STRING,
LOGNUMBER TYPE STRING,
OBJECT TYPE STRING,
SUBOBJECT TYPE STRING,
EXTNUMBER TYPE STRING,
ALDATE TYPE STRING,
ALTIME TYPE STRING,
ALUSER TYPE STRING,
ALTCODE TYPE STRING,
ALPROG TYPE STRING,
ALMODE TYPE STRING,
ALTEXT TYPE STRING,
USEREXITP TYPE STRING,
USEREXITF TYPE STRING,
PROBCLASS TYPE STRING,
ALDATE_DEL TYPE STRING,
DEL_BEFORE TYPE STRING,
ALSTATE TYPE STRING,
USEREXITT TYPE STRING,
ALCHDATE TYPE STRING,
ALCHTIME TYPE STRING,
ALCHUSER TYPE STRING,
LOG_HANDLE TYPE STRING,
TABNAME TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_AL TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_A TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_E TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_W TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_I TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_S TYPE STRING,
LAST_MSGNR TYPE STRING,
TIM_STMP TYPE STRING,
DB_VERSION TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_P1 TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_P2 TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_P3 TYPE STRING,
MSG_CNT_P4 TYPE STRING,
CLIENT_CRE TYPE STRING,
CHAR_SIZE TYPE STRING,
_DATAAGING TYPE STRING,
SELECTED TYPE STRING,
T_OBJECT TYPE STRING,
T_SUBOBJ TYPE STRING,
T_ALTCODE TYPE STRING,
T_ALMODE TYPE STRING,
T_PROBCLSH TYPE STRING,
T_ALSTATE TYPE STRING,
T_DEL_BEF TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MANDANT sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-LOGNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-OBJECT sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-SUBOBJECT sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-EXTNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALDATE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALTIME sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALUSER sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALTCODE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALPROG sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALMODE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALTEXT sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-USEREXITP sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-USEREXITF sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-PROBCLASS sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALDATE_DEL sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-DEL_BEFORE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALSTATE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-USEREXITT sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALCHDATE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALCHTIME sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-ALCHUSER sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-LOG_HANDLE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-TABNAME sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_AL sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_A sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_E sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_W sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_I sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_S sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-LAST_MSGNR sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-TIM_STMP sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-DB_VERSION sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_P1 sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_P2 sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_P3 sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-MSG_CNT_P4 sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-CLIENT_CRE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-CHAR_SIZE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-_DATAAGING sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-SELECTED sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-T_OBJECT sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-T_SUBOBJ sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-T_ALTCODE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-T_ALMODE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-T_PROBCLSH sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-T_ALSTATE sy-vline 
WA_BALHDR_ALV_STR-T_DEL_BEF sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.