ABAP Select data from SAP table BAL_S_DMSG into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP BAL_S_DMSG table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to BAL_S_DMSG. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the BAL_S_DMSG table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_BAL_S_DMSG TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF BAL_S_DMSG,
      WA_BAL_S_DMSG TYPE BAL_S_DMSG,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <BAL_S_DMSG> TYPE BAL_S_DMSG.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_BAL_S_DMSG.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM BAL_S_DMSG
  INTO TABLE IT_BAL_S_DMSG.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM BAL_S_DMSG
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_BAL_S_DMSG2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_BAL_S_DMSG INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_BAL_S_DMSG2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_BAL_S_DMSG ASSIGNING <BAL_S_DMSG>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<BAL_S_DMSG>-%_KEY = 1.
<BAL_S_DMSG>-%_RELATKEY = 1.
<BAL_S_DMSG>-%_ICON = 1.
<BAL_S_DMSG>-%_MSGTY = 1.
<BAL_S_DMSG>-%_TIMESTMP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_BAL_S_DMSG INTO WA_BAL_S_DMSG.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_BAL_S_DMSG-%_SEQ_NO, sy-vline,
  WA_BAL_S_DMSG-%_ICON_PAR, sy-vline,
  WA_BAL_S_DMSG-%_ICON_LNG, sy-vline,
  WA_BAL_S_DMSG-%_MSGID, sy-vline,
  WA_BAL_S_DMSG-%_MSGNO, sy-vline,
  WA_BAL_S_DMSG-%_COLOR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_BAL_S_DMSG you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_BAL_S_DMSG TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_BAL_S_DMSG INTO WA_BAL_S_DMSG.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_BAL_S_DMSG_STR, 
%_KEY TYPE STRING,
%_RELATKEY TYPE STRING,
%_ICON TYPE STRING,
%_MSGTY TYPE STRING,
%_TIMESTMP TYPE STRING,
%_SEQ_NO TYPE STRING,
%_ICON_PAR TYPE STRING,
%_ICON_LNG TYPE STRING,
%_MSGID TYPE STRING,
%_MSGNO TYPE STRING,
%_COLOR TYPE STRING,
%_BOX TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_KEY sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_RELATKEY sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_ICON sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_MSGTY sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_TIMESTMP sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_SEQ_NO sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_ICON_PAR sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_ICON_LNG sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_MSGID sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_MSGNO sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_COLOR sy-vline 
WA_BAL_S_DMSG_STR-%_BOX sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.