ABAP Select data from SAP table API_VAL_A into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP API_VAL_A table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to API_VAL_A. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the API_VAL_A table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_API_VAL_A TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF API_VAL_A,
      WA_API_VAL_A TYPE API_VAL_A,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <API_VAL_A> TYPE API_VAL_A.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_API_VAL_A.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM API_VAL_A
  INTO TABLE IT_API_VAL_A.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM API_VAL_A
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_API_VAL_A2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_API_VAL_A INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_API_VAL_A2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_API_VAL_A ASSIGNING <API_VAL_A>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<API_VAL_A>-ATINN = 1.
<API_VAL_A>-ATNAM = 1.
<API_VAL_A>-ATBEZ = 1.
<API_VAL_A>-ATZHL = 1.
<API_VAL_A>-ATWRT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_API_VAL_A INTO WA_API_VAL_A.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_API_VAL_A-ATWTB, sy-vline,
  WA_API_VAL_A-ATFLV, sy-vline,
  WA_API_VAL_A-ATAWE, sy-vline,
  WA_API_VAL_A-ATFLB, sy-vline,
  WA_API_VAL_A-ATAW1, sy-vline,
  WA_API_VAL_A-ATCOD, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_API_VAL_A you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_API_VAL_A TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_API_VAL_A INTO WA_API_VAL_A.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ATINN, internal->external for field ATINN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ATINN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_API_VAL_A-ATINN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_API_VAL_A-ATINN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ATAWE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_API_VAL_A-ATAWE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_API_VAL_A-ATAWE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ATAW1
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_API_VAL_A-ATAW1
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_API_VAL_A-ATAW1.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOKNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_API_VAL_A-DOKNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_API_VAL_A-DOKNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_API_VAL_A_STR, 
ATINN TYPE STRING,
ATNAM TYPE STRING,
ATBEZ TYPE STRING,
ATZHL TYPE STRING,
ATWRT TYPE STRING,
ATWTB TYPE STRING,
ATFLV TYPE STRING,
ATAWE TYPE STRING,
ATFLB TYPE STRING,
ATAW1 TYPE STRING,
ATCOD TYPE STRING,
ATTLV TYPE STRING,
ATTLB TYPE STRING,
ATPRZ TYPE STRING,
ATINC TYPE STRING,
KNOBJ TYPE STRING,
DOKAR TYPE STRING,
DOKNR TYPE STRING,
DOKVR TYPE STRING,
DOKTL TYPE STRING,
ATWHI TYPE STRING,
ATZIS TYPE STRING,
ATSRT TYPE STRING,
ATAUT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_API_VAL_A_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATINN sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATNAM sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATBEZ sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATZHL sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATWRT sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATWTB sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATFLV sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATAWE sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATFLB sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATAW1 sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATCOD sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATTLV sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATTLB sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATPRZ sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATINC sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-KNOBJ sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-DOKAR sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-DOKNR sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-DOKVR sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-DOKTL sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATWHI sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATZIS sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATSRT sy-vline 
WA_API_VAL_A_STR-ATAUT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.