ABAP Select data from SAP table API_DSPHDR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP API_DSPHDR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to API_DSPHDR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the API_DSPHDR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_API_DSPHDR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF API_DSPHDR,
      WA_API_DSPHDR TYPE API_DSPHDR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <API_DSPHDR> TYPE API_DSPHDR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_API_DSPHDR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM API_DSPHDR
  INTO TABLE IT_API_DSPHDR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM API_DSPHDR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_API_DSPHDR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_API_DSPHDR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_API_DSPHDR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_API_DSPHDR ASSIGNING <API_DSPHDR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<API_DSPHDR>-DIRECT = 1.
<API_DSPHDR>-LOGSYS = 1.
<API_DSPHDR>-DSPNAM = 1.
<API_DSPHDR>-OWNER = 1.
<API_DSPHDR>-DOCNUM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_API_DSPHDR INTO WA_API_DSPHDR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_API_DSPHDR-DSPTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_API_DSPHDR-DSPMODE, sy-vline,
  WA_API_DSPHDR-TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_API_DSPHDR-ORGNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_API_DSPHDR-ORGOWN, sy-vline,
  WA_API_DSPHDR-PRENAM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_API_DSPHDR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_API_DSPHDR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_API_DSPHDR INTO WA_API_DSPHDR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_API_DSPHDR-LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_API_DSPHDR-LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_API_DSPHDR_STR, 
DIRECT TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
DSPNAM TYPE STRING,
OWNER TYPE STRING,
DOCNUM TYPE STRING,
DSPTYP TYPE STRING,
DSPMODE TYPE STRING,
TEXT TYPE STRING,
ORGNAM TYPE STRING,
ORGOWN TYPE STRING,
PRENAM TYPE STRING,
PREOWN TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
DSPSTS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_API_DSPHDR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-DIRECT sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-DSPNAM sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-OWNER sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-DOCNUM sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-DSPTYP sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-DSPMODE sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-TEXT sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-ORGNAM sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-ORGOWN sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-PRENAM sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-PREOWN sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_API_DSPHDR_STR-DSPSTS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.