ABAP Select data from SAP table API_CLDAT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP API_CLDAT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to API_CLDAT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the API_CLDAT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_API_CLDAT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF API_CLDAT,
      WA_API_CLDAT TYPE API_CLDAT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <API_CLDAT> TYPE API_CLDAT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_API_CLDAT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM API_CLDAT
  INTO TABLE IT_API_CLDAT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM API_CLDAT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_API_CLDAT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_API_CLDAT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_API_CLDAT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_API_CLDAT ASSIGNING <API_CLDAT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<API_CLDAT>-CLASS = 1.
<API_CLDAT>-CL_TYPE = 1.
<API_CLDAT>-STATU = 1.
<API_CLDAT>-KLAGR = 1.
<API_CLDAT>-SICHT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_API_CLDAT INTO WA_API_CLDAT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_API_CLDAT-VONDT, sy-vline,
  WA_API_CLDAT-BISDT, sy-vline,
  WA_API_CLDAT-BGRKP, sy-vline,
  WA_API_CLDAT-BGRKL, sy-vline,
  WA_API_CLDAT-BGRSE, sy-vline,
  WA_API_CLDAT-PRAUS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_API_CLDAT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_API_CLDAT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_API_CLDAT INTO WA_API_CLDAT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOKNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_API_CLDAT-DOKNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_API_CLDAT-DOKNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_API_CLDAT-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_API_CLDAT-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_API_CLDAT_STR, 
CLASS TYPE STRING,
CL_TYPE TYPE STRING,
STATU TYPE STRING,
KLAGR TYPE STRING,
SICHT TYPE STRING,
VONDT TYPE STRING,
BISDT TYPE STRING,
BGRKP TYPE STRING,
BGRKL TYPE STRING,
BGRSE TYPE STRING,
PRAUS TYPE STRING,
WAAUS TYPE STRING,
ERAUS TYPE STRING,
LOCLA TYPE STRING,
KATALOG TYPE STRING,
DOKNR TYPE STRING,
DOKAR TYPE STRING,
DOKTL TYPE STRING,
DOKVR TYPE STRING,
NNORM TYPE STRING,
NORMN TYPE STRING,
AUSGD TYPE STRING,
VERSD TYPE STRING,
VERSI TYPE STRING,
LEIST TYPE STRING,
VWSTL TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
POTPR TYPE STRING,
CVIEW TYPE STRING,
CLOBK TYPE STRING,
CLMUL TYPE STRING,
FLDELETE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_API_CLDAT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-CLASS sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-CL_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-STATU sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-KLAGR sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-SICHT sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-VONDT sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-BISDT sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-BGRKP sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-BGRKL sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-BGRSE sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-PRAUS sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-WAAUS sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-ERAUS sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-LOCLA sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-KATALOG sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-DOKNR sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-DOKAR sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-DOKTL sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-DOKVR sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-NNORM sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-NORMN sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-AUSGD sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-VERSD sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-VERSI sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-LEIST sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-VWSTL sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-POTPR sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-CVIEW sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-CLOBK sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-CLMUL sy-vline 
WA_API_CLDAT_STR-FLDELETE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.