ABAP Select data from SAP table ALSMSGTYPE into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ALSMSGTYPE table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ALSMSGTYPE. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ALSMSGTYPE table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ALSMSGTYPE TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ALSMSGTYPE,
      WA_ALSMSGTYPE TYPE ALSMSGTYPE,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ALSMSGTYPE> TYPE ALSMSGTYPE.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ALSMSGTYPE.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ALSMSGTYPE
  INTO TABLE IT_ALSMSGTYPE.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ALSMSGTYPE
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ALSMSGTYPE2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ALSMSGTYPE INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ALSMSGTYPE2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ALSMSGTYPE ASSIGNING <ALSMSGTYPE>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ALSMSGTYPE>-MTSYSID = 1.
<ALSMSGTYPE>-MTMCNAME = 1.
<ALSMSGTYPE>-MTNUMRANGE = 1.
<ALSMSGTYPE>-MTUID = 1.
<ALSMSGTYPE>-MTCLASS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ALSMSGTYPE INTO WA_ALSMSGTYPE.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ALSMSGTYPE-MTINDEX, sy-vline,
  WA_ALSMSGTYPE-EXTINDEX, sy-vline,
  WA_ALSMSGTYPE-CUSTSTAT, sy-vline,
  WA_ALSMSGTYPE-ALERTMODE, sy-vline,
  WA_ALSMSGTYPE-ALERTSHIFT, sy-vline,
  WA_ALSMSGTYPE-CUSGRPNAME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ALSMSGTYPE you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ALSMSGTYPE TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ALSMSGTYPE INTO WA_ALSMSGTYPE.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ALSMSGTYPE_STR, 
MTSYSID TYPE STRING,
MTMCNAME TYPE STRING,
MTNUMRANGE TYPE STRING,
MTUID TYPE STRING,
MTCLASS TYPE STRING,
MTINDEX TYPE STRING,
EXTINDEX TYPE STRING,
CUSTSTAT TYPE STRING,
ALERTMODE TYPE STRING,
ALERTSHIFT TYPE STRING,
CUSGRPNAME TYPE STRING,
SMSGVALUE TYPE STRING,
SMSGDATE TYPE STRING,
SMSGTIME TYPE STRING,
SMSGDUMMY TYPE STRING,
MSG TYPE STRING,
RC TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-MTSYSID sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-MTMCNAME sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-MTNUMRANGE sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-MTUID sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-MTCLASS sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-MTINDEX sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-EXTINDEX sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-CUSTSTAT sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-ALERTMODE sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-ALERTSHIFT sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-CUSGRPNAME sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-SMSGVALUE sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-SMSGDATE sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-SMSGTIME sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-SMSGDUMMY sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-MSG sy-vline 
WA_ALSMSGTYPE_STR-RC sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.