ABAP Select data from SAP table ALCONSEG into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ALCONSEG table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ALCONSEG. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ALCONSEG table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ALCONSEG TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ALCONSEG,
      WA_ALCONSEG TYPE ALCONSEG,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ALCONSEG> TYPE ALCONSEG.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ALCONSEG.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ALCONSEG
  INTO TABLE IT_ALCONSEG.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ALCONSEG
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ALCONSEG2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ALCONSEG INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ALCONSEG2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ALCONSEG ASSIGNING <ALCONSEG>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ALCONSEG>-SYSID = 1.
<ALCONSEG>-CONTEXT = 1.
<ALCONSEG>-CONTXTSTAT = 1.
<ALCONSEG>-CTXCLASS = 1.
<ALCONSEG>-CTXOWNER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ALCONSEG INTO WA_ALCONSEG.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ALCONSEG-SEGMENT, sy-vline,
  WA_ALCONSEG-SEGMENTTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_ALCONSEG-DESTINAT, sy-vline,
  WA_ALCONSEG-SEGMSTATUS, sy-vline,
  WA_ALCONSEG-RESP_MSSY, sy-vline,
  WA_ALCONSEG-VERSION, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ALCONSEG you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ALCONSEG TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ALCONSEG INTO WA_ALCONSEG.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ALCONSEG_STR, 
SYSID TYPE STRING,
CONTEXT TYPE STRING,
CONTXTSTAT TYPE STRING,
CTXCLASS TYPE STRING,
CTXOWNER TYPE STRING,
SEGMENT TYPE STRING,
SEGMENTTYP TYPE STRING,
DESTINAT TYPE STRING,
SEGMSTATUS TYPE STRING,
RESP_MSSY TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
CHG_USER TYPE STRING,
CHG_DATE TYPE STRING,
CHG_TIME TYPE STRING,
SEGSTATMST TYPE STRING,
SEGSTATCNT TYPE STRING,
SEGMSERVER TYPE STRING,
SEGMHOST TYPE STRING,
CONTXTTYPE TYPE STRING,
CTX_SYSID TYPE STRING,
CTX_MCNAME TYPE STRING,
CTX_NUMRNG TYPE STRING,
CTX_UID TYPE STRING,
CTX_CLAS TYPE STRING,
CTX_INDEX TYPE STRING,
CTX_EXTIDX TYPE STRING,
RESERVE_C TYPE STRING,
RESERVE_I TYPE STRING,
CTXCLIENT TYPE STRING,
CSMSYSID TYPE STRING,
DESTINAT_2 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ALCONSEG_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-SYSID sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CONTEXT sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CONTXTSTAT sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTXCLASS sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTXOWNER sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-SEGMENT sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-SEGMENTTYP sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-DESTINAT sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-SEGMSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-RESP_MSSY sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CHG_USER sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CHG_DATE sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CHG_TIME sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-SEGSTATMST sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-SEGSTATCNT sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-SEGMSERVER sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-SEGMHOST sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CONTXTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTX_SYSID sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTX_MCNAME sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTX_NUMRNG sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTX_UID sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTX_CLAS sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTX_INDEX sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTX_EXTIDX sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-RESERVE_C sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-RESERVE_I sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CTXCLIENT sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-CSMSYSID sy-vline 
WA_ALCONSEG_STR-DESTINAT_2 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.