ABAP Select data from SAP table ALALERTX into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ALALERTX table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ALALERTX. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ALALERTX table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ALALERTX TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ALALERTX,
      WA_ALALERTX TYPE ALALERTX,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ALALERTX> TYPE ALALERTX.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ALALERTX.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ALALERTX
  INTO TABLE IT_ALALERTX.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ALALERTX
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ALALERTX2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ALALERTX INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ALALERTX2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ALALERTX ASSIGNING <ALALERTX>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ALALERTX>-C_ALSYSID = 1.
<ALALERTX>-C_MSEGNAME = 1.
<ALALERTX>-C_ALUID = 1.
<ALALERTX>-C_ALDATE = 1.
<ALALERTX>-C_ALTIME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ALALERTX INTO WA_ALALERTX.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ALALERTX-LANGU, sy-vline,
  WA_ALALERTX-CACHETIMST, sy-vline,
  WA_ALALERTX-ALSYSID, sy-vline,
  WA_ALALERTX-MSEGNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_ALALERTX-ALUNIQNUM, sy-vline,
  WA_ALALERTX-ALINDEX, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ALALERTX you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ALALERTX TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ALALERTX INTO WA_ALALERTX.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ALALERTX-LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ALALERTX-LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ALALERTX_STR, 
C_ALSYSID TYPE STRING,
C_MSEGNAME TYPE STRING,
C_ALUID TYPE STRING,
C_ALDATE TYPE STRING,
C_ALTIME TYPE STRING,
LANGU TYPE STRING,
CACHETIMST TYPE STRING,
ALSYSID TYPE STRING,
MSEGNAME TYPE STRING,
ALUNIQNUM TYPE STRING,
ALINDEX TYPE STRING,
ALERTDATE TYPE STRING,
ALERTTIME TYPE STRING,
DUMMYALIGN TYPE STRING,
MTSYSID TYPE STRING,
MTMCNAME TYPE STRING,
MTNUMRANGE TYPE STRING,
MTUID TYPE STRING,
MTCLASS TYPE STRING,
MTINDEX TYPE STRING,
EXTINDEX TYPE STRING,
VALUE TYPE STRING,
SEVERITY TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
OBJECTNAME TYPE STRING,
FIELDNAME TYPE STRING,
GONEDATE TYPE STRING,
GONETIME TYPE STRING,
GONEDUMMY TYPE STRING,
REPORTEDBY TYPE STRING,
STATCHGDAT TYPE STRING,
STATCHGTIM TYPE STRING,
STATCHGDUM TYPE STRING,
STATCHGBY TYPE STRING,
TIMEOUTDAT TYPE STRING,
TIMEOUTTIM TYPE STRING,
TIMEOUTDUM TYPE STRING,
MSGCLASS TYPE STRING,
MSGID TYPE STRING,
MSGARG1 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE1 TYPE STRING,
MSGARG2 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE2 TYPE STRING,
MSGARG3 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE3 TYPE STRING,
MSGARG4 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE4 TYPE STRING,
MSGTEXT TYPE STRING,
MANDT TYPE STRING,
USERID TYPE STRING,
MSCGLID TYPE STRING,
MSG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ALALERTX_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ALALERTX_STR-C_ALSYSID sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-C_MSEGNAME sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-C_ALUID sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-C_ALDATE sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-C_ALTIME sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-LANGU sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-CACHETIMST sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-ALSYSID sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSEGNAME sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-ALUNIQNUM sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-ALINDEX sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-ALERTDATE sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-ALERTTIME sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-DUMMYALIGN sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MTSYSID sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MTMCNAME sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MTNUMRANGE sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MTUID sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MTCLASS sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MTINDEX sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-EXTINDEX sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-VALUE sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-SEVERITY sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-OBJECTNAME sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-FIELDNAME sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-GONEDATE sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-GONETIME sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-GONEDUMMY sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-REPORTEDBY sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-STATCHGDAT sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-STATCHGTIM sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-STATCHGDUM sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-STATCHGBY sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-TIMEOUTDAT sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-TIMEOUTTIM sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-TIMEOUTDUM sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSGCLASS sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSGID sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSGARG1 sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-ARGTYPE1 sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSGARG2 sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-ARGTYPE2 sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSGARG3 sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-ARGTYPE3 sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSGARG4 sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-ARGTYPE4 sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSGTEXT sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-USERID sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSCGLID sy-vline 
WA_ALALERTX_STR-MSG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.