ABAP Select data from SAP table ABTAB into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ABTAB table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ABTAB. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ABTAB table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ABTAB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ABTAB,
      WA_ABTAB TYPE ABTAB,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ABTAB> TYPE ABTAB.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ABTAB.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ABTAB
  INTO TABLE IT_ABTAB.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ABTAB
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ABTAB2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ABTAB INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ABTAB2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ABTAB ASSIGNING <ABTAB>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ABTAB>-BUZEI = 1.
<ABTAB>-BSCHL = 1.
<ABTAB>-KONTO = 1.
<ABTAB>-EBELN = 1.
<ABTAB>-EBELP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ABTAB INTO WA_ABTAB.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ABTAB-MENGE, sy-vline,
  WA_ABTAB-DMBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_ABTAB-WRBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_ABTAB-MAKTX, sy-vline,
  WA_ABTAB-ZEKKN, sy-vline,
  WA_ABTAB-KOART, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ABTAB you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ABTAB TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ABTAB INTO WA_ABTAB.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ABTAB-EBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ABTAB-EBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ABTAB_STR, 
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
BSCHL TYPE STRING,
KONTO TYPE STRING,
EBELN TYPE STRING,
EBELP TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
DMBTR TYPE STRING,
WRBTR TYPE STRING,
MAKTX TYPE STRING,
ZEKKN TYPE STRING,
KOART TYPE STRING,
FLAG TYPE STRING,
SELKZ TYPE STRING,
NPREI TYPE STRING,
BWTAR TYPE STRING,
BWKEY TYPE STRING,
BUZID TYPE STRING,
PSTYP TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ABTAB_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ABTAB_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-BSCHL sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-KONTO sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-EBELN sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-EBELP sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-DMBTR sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-WRBTR sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-MAKTX sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-ZEKKN sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-KOART sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-FLAG sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-SELKZ sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-NPREI sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-BWTAR sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-BWKEY sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-BUZID sy-vline 
WA_ABTAB_STR-PSTYP sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.