ABAP Select data from SAP table A4CR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP A4CR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to A4CR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the A4CR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_A4CR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF A4CR,
      WA_A4CR TYPE A4CR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <A4CR> TYPE A4CR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_A4CR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM A4CR
  INTO TABLE IT_A4CR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM A4CR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_A4CR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_A4CR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_A4CR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_A4CR ASSIGNING <A4CR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<A4CR>-MANDT = 1.
<A4CR>-KAPPL = 1.
<A4CR>-KSCHL = 1.
<A4CR>-ALAND = 1.
<A4CR>-WKREG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_A4CR INTO WA_A4CR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_A4CR-TAXK1, sy-vline,
  WA_A4CR-TAXM1, sy-vline,
  WA_A4CR-LLAND, sy-vline,
  WA_A4CR-REGIO, sy-vline,
  WA_A4CR-KFRST, sy-vline,
  WA_A4CR-DATBI, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_A4CR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_A4CR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_A4CR INTO WA_A4CR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_A4CR_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KAPPL TYPE STRING,
KSCHL TYPE STRING,
ALAND TYPE STRING,
WKREG TYPE STRING,
TAXK1 TYPE STRING,
TAXM1 TYPE STRING,
LLAND TYPE STRING,
REGIO TYPE STRING,
KFRST TYPE STRING,
DATBI TYPE STRING,
DATAB TYPE STRING,
KBSTAT TYPE STRING,
KNUMH TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_A4CR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_A4CR_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-KAPPL sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-KSCHL sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-ALAND sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-WKREG sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-TAXK1 sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-TAXM1 sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-LLAND sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-REGIO sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-KFRST sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-DATBI sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-DATAB sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-KBSTAT sy-vline 
WA_A4CR_STR-KNUMH sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.