ABAP Select data from SAP table /SMB/BC_VARIANT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /SMB/BC_VARIANT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /SMB/BC_VARIANT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /SMB/BC_VARIANT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/SMB/BC_VARIANT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /SMB/BC_VARIANT,
      WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT TYPE /SMB/BC_VARIANT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </SMB/BC_VARIANT> TYPE /SMB/BC_VARIANT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/SMB/BC_VARIANT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /SMB/BC_VARIANT
  INTO TABLE IT_/SMB/BC_VARIANT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /SMB/BC_VARIANT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/SMB/BC_VARIANT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/SMB/BC_VARIANT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/SMB/BC_VARIANT ASSIGNING </SMB/BC_VARIANT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</SMB/BC_VARIANT>-MANDT = 1.
</SMB/BC_VARIANT>-BCSET_ID = 1.
</SMB/BC_VARIANT>-VERSION = 1.
</SMB/BC_VARIANT>-BCSET = 1.
</SMB/BC_VARIANT>-TABLENAME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/SMB/BC_VARIANT INTO WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-FIELDNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-PARAM, sy-vline,
  WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-SEL, sy-vline,
  WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-RECNUMBER, sy-vline,
  WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-DATAELEM, sy-vline,
  WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-LANGU, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/SMB/BC_VARIANT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/SMB/BC_VARIANT INTO WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit DTYPE, internal->external for field DATATYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_DTYPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-DATATYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT-DATATYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BCSET_ID TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
BCSET TYPE STRING,
TABLENAME TYPE STRING,
FIELDNAME TYPE STRING,
PARAM TYPE STRING,
SEL TYPE STRING,
RECNUMBER TYPE STRING,
DATAELEM TYPE STRING,
LANGU TYPE STRING,
LANGISO TYPE STRING,
LANGUTEXT TYPE STRING,
FIELDTEXT TYPE STRING,
OUTPUTLEN TYPE STRING,
INTLEN TYPE STRING,
VTYPE TYPE STRING,
DATATYPE TYPE STRING,
DECIMALS TYPE STRING,
CONVEXIT TYPE STRING,
SIGN TYPE STRING,
LOWERCASE TYPE STRING,
VALUE TYPE STRING,
OLDVALUE TYPE STRING,
VARIANT_NAME TYPE STRING,
VARIANT_NUM TYPE STRING,
CENTRALDATA TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-BCSET_ID sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-BCSET sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-TABLENAME sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-FIELDNAME sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-PARAM sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-SEL sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-RECNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-DATAELEM sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-LANGU sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-LANGISO sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-LANGUTEXT sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-FIELDTEXT sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-OUTPUTLEN sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-INTLEN sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-VTYPE sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-DATATYPE sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-DECIMALS sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-CONVEXIT sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-SIGN sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-LOWERCASE sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-VALUE sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-OLDVALUE sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-VARIANT_NAME sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-VARIANT_NUM sy-vline 
WA_/SMB/BC_VARIANT_STR-CENTRALDATA sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.