ABAP Select data from SAP table /SDF/ALMSCVAL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /SDF/ALMSCVAL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /SDF/ALMSCVAL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /SDF/ALMSCVAL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/SDF/ALMSCVAL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /SDF/ALMSCVAL,
      WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL TYPE /SDF/ALMSCVAL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </SDF/ALMSCVAL> TYPE /SDF/ALMSCVAL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/SDF/ALMSCVAL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /SDF/ALMSCVAL
  INTO TABLE IT_/SDF/ALMSCVAL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /SDF/ALMSCVAL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/SDF/ALMSCVAL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/SDF/ALMSCVAL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/SDF/ALMSCVAL ASSIGNING </SDF/ALMSCVAL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</SDF/ALMSCVAL>-MSCGLLID = 1.
</SDF/ALMSCVAL>-MSCDATE = 1.
</SDF/ALMSCVAL>-MSCTIME = 1.
</SDF/ALMSCVAL>-MSCDUMMY = 1.
</SDF/ALMSCVAL>-VALUEORIG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/SDF/ALMSCVAL INTO WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL-SEVERORIG, sy-vline,
  WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL-VALUEFLTRD, sy-vline,
  WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL-SEVERFLTRD, sy-vline,
  WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL-MANDT, sy-vline,
  WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL-USERID, sy-vline,
  WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL-MSG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/SDF/ALMSCVAL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/SDF/ALMSCVAL INTO WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR, 
MSCGLLID TYPE STRING,
MSCDATE TYPE STRING,
MSCTIME TYPE STRING,
MSCDUMMY TYPE STRING,
VALUEORIG TYPE STRING,
SEVERORIG TYPE STRING,
VALUEFLTRD TYPE STRING,
SEVERFLTRD TYPE STRING,
MANDT TYPE STRING,
USERID TYPE STRING,
MSG TYPE STRING,
MSGCLASS TYPE STRING,
MSGID TYPE STRING,
MSGARG1 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE1 TYPE STRING,
MSGARG2 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE2 TYPE STRING,
MSGARG3 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE3 TYPE STRING,
MSGARG4 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE4 TYPE STRING,
MSGTEXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSCGLLID sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSCDATE sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSCTIME sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSCDUMMY sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-VALUEORIG sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-SEVERORIG sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-VALUEFLTRD sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-SEVERFLTRD sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-USERID sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSG sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGCLASS sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGID sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGARG1 sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-ARGTYPE1 sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGARG2 sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-ARGTYPE2 sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGARG3 sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-ARGTYPE3 sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGARG4 sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-ARGTYPE4 sy-vline 
WA_/SDF/ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGTEXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.